Implementing Effective Environmental Monitoring in Hazardous Waste Temporary Storage Facilities: A Step towards Sustainable Waste Management

Good environmental management is essential for sustainable development. Environmental monitoring at Temporary Shelters for Hazardous and Toxic Wastes (TPS B3) is an important step in preserving the environment and human health. B3 waste contains materials that have the potential to damage ecosystems and endanger living things if not managed properly. Environmental monitoring at TPS PLN UP3 Tanjung Karang Hazardous and Toxic waste aims to detect, prevent, and reduce the negative impacts caused by B3 waste on the environment. Monitoring methods may include sampling and analysis of wastewater, monitoring of air quality, and monitoring of leaks that may cause pollution. The results of laboratory tests revealed that the water content of the wastewater, the air quality at the TPS PLN UP3 Tanjung Karang Hazardous and Toxic waste were still below the environmental quality standards and there were no waste leaks that could cause pollution.


Introduction
Environmental monitoring has a close relationship with sustainable development or sustainable development.Sustainable development is a development concept that integrates economic, social and environmental aspects to ensure that the needs of the present generation are met without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs.
PLN, the Indonesian state-owned company, is one of the government enterprises committed to achieve environmentally sustainable electricity activities by implementing the PLN Safeguards System.This program includes the monitoring and control of emissions of hazardous substances into the air, water, and soil.It also includes the monitoring of water and air quality, public health surveillance, waste and garbage management, protection and conservation of natural resources, as well as environmental training and education initiatives.The implementation of the Safeguards System is also carried out in Temporary Shelters for the supervision and control of hazardous and toxic waste (B3).Temporary Shelters (TPS) for Hazardous and Toxic Waste (B3) have an important role in the management of B3 waste produced by various industries.B3 waste contains hazardous substances that can harm humans and the environment if not managed properly.Therefore, environmental monitoring at B3 waste TPS is very important to maintain environmental sustainability and health.
Environmental monitoring at TPS for B3 waste involves a series of activities to collect data on the quality of wastewater around the TPS area.This data is then analyzed to evaluate the impact of B3 waste on the environment and to take appropriate action to reduce the risks posed.The B3 waste that is in the PLN UP3 Tanjung Karang B3 Waste TPS is non-PCB used transformer oil and is indicated to contain Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs).
Furthermore, to ensure comprehensive and meticulous monitoring of the environmental conditions, a diligent and systematic approach has been adopted, encompassing the continuous measurement and assessment of a wide array of crucial parameters.These parameters include but are not limited to total suspended solids, pH levels, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia concentration, oil and grease content, as well as coliform presence.By consistently tracking and analyzing these indicators, a comprehensive understanding of the environmental quality and potential pollutants can be obtained, enabling effective mitigation and preservation efforts for the surrounding ecosystem.

Sampling Methods
Environmental monitoring is conducted by collecting waste samples around TPS area for hazardous waste PLN UP3 Tanjung Karang.A total of 12 trafo oil were sampled for PCB analysis, and sampling was carried out during the period of 2022 to monitor total suspended solids, pH levels, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia concentration, oil and grease content, as well as coliform.

Research Variables
The method used in this study uses a descriptive qualitative method [1].Primary and secondary data collection is done by: 1. Observation at the research location; 2. Collect primary and secondary data from company reports; 3. Conduct literature review from published scientific journals.

Results and Discussion
Previous research related to Analysis and Management of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) at TPS of PLN UP3 Tanjung Karang [2] analyzed 12 samples of transformer oil in B3 Waste TPS which indicated to contain PCBs (Polychlorinated Biphenyls) with the following results: The test results for used transformer oil were 66.7% with no indication of PCBs and 33.3% with indications of containing PCBs.Furthermore, used transformer oil containing PCBs will be quarantined in the B3 Waste TPS and will be issued after the latest regulation regarding PCBs management is issued.Whereas used transformer oil that is not contaminated with PCBs can be transported by B3 waste transport companies that already have permits from the Ministry of Environment and Forestry as well as permits from the local Transportation Agency.
The results of environmental monitoring for six semesters can be seen in Table 2 below: TSS refers to a substance found in water that includes silt, organic matter, microorganisms, industrial waste, and household waste.Its weight can be determined by filtering it through a 0.042 mm filter paper.Elevated levels of TSS can negatively impact photosynthesis and raise the temperature of the water's surface, resulting in decreased oxygen release by aquatic plants and leading to fish mortality.In all samples, pH levels are on average within normal levels, seen from year to year as a whole area.Water that is too acidic or alkaline is undesirable because it will be corrosive or may be difficult to treat.Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) is the amount of oxygen required to chemically oxidize organic substances, both those that can be degraded biologically (biodegradable) and those that are difficult to degrade (non-biodegradable), meanwhile, Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) is the amount of oxygen needed by microorganisms to decompose organic matter in water.Organic matter decomposition implies that organisms require organic matter as food and energy from the oxidation process.In 2022, there was an observed increasing trend in the values of COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) and BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand).This upward trend in pollution indicators is concerning and requires concerted efforts to improve the situation.However, based on the result of environmental monitoring there is no pollution in the around of TPS environment.

Conclusion
Environmental monitoring plays an important role in achieving sustainable development goals, one of which is by reducing negative environmental impacts.Environmental monitoring assists in the identification and understanding of negative impacts that can contaminate the surrounding environment.
The results of environmental monitoring carried out by PLN UP3 Tanjung Karang as a whole the parameters are still below the environmental Quality Standard threshold.The conclusion is that there is no pollution in the area around the B3 Waste TPS.
The data obtained from this monitoring can be used to develop effective policies and actions to reduce these negative impacts.

Table 1
PCBs Concentration Category