Influence of natural resources and infrastructure on travel intention to Tikus Island, Indonesia

Business opportunities in the field of marine tourism on Tikus Island are very potential. So it is important to analyze how the intention of visitors in traveling to Tikus Island is to describe business opportunities and business opportunity strategies. Intentions show how interested visitors are and how infrastructure and resource factors influence it. So that business opportunities can be analyzed from the factors forming the intensity of tourism on Tikus Island. The research was conducted in the city of Bengkulu, namely the coastal pier for the Tikus Island. The research location was chosen purposively because this location is a gathering place for visitors who will go to the Tikus Island. The sampling method is based on accidental sampling. Respondents in this study were those who have visited or will visit Tikus Island. The number of research respondents was 100 people according to the standard analysis tool Model-Partial Least Square analysis (SEM-PLS). The sampling method is based on accidental sampling. Based on the results of data processing, it was found that infrastructure and natural resourcess has a significant effect on travel intention to Tikus Island. Exploring small Islands through marine tourism involves traveling to areas that are still natural and largely unpolluted or disturbed. The entire infrastructure must be prepared in the framework of tourism development. Infrastructure development needs to start right away. This is due to the fact that infrastructure is crucial to company continuity. The presence of complete facilities can affect visitor satisfaction.


Introduction
One of the marine tourism hotspots in Bengkulu Province is Tikus Island.Sea corals predominate on this Island, which is small and less than 2 hectares in area.Coral and other sorts of exquisite biological riches can be found there.This beach's waves are perfectly safe for swimming and playing in.This is due to the fact that several of the beaches on this Island are inlets that are protected from big seas by coral.Tikus Island is bordered by large coral reefs that serve to shield the coast from erosion caused by waves [1].Poriter, pocillopora, sarcophito, acroporase, fungia, and montipora species are among the 1230 (2023) 012030 IOP Publishing doi:10.1088/1755-1315/1230/1/012030 2 several varieties of coral found on Tikus Island.Crabs, shrimp, and lobsters are examples of marine biota.One of the attractions of Tikus Island as a maritime tourism site is its natural beauty.The growth in international and domestic visitor arrivals is a sign of the industry's development (domestic).A region's economic performance, namely increased income from economic sectors and the creation of employment prospects, can be impacted by increasing tourist expenditure and visitation.Similar to how Tikus Island is currently crowded with tourists even though it's still at the level of local tourists.
The potential for marine ecotourism is reflected by the current fauna in the form of coral reef habitats, claim [2].There are sites safe for underwater diving activities in the sea area, with clear water and gorgeous coral reefs making it highly suited for diving and snorkeling.Coral and marine biota with clear and clean waters that are not too deep, as well as numerous species of lovely decorative fish become the main draw for tourists and a popular option for maritime tourism destinations.Hawksbill and green turtles that come ashore at night to lay their eggs can find a home in the white sandy sea conditions.Tourists frequently show interest in destinations with stunning natural resources [3][4][5][6].
For marine tourism to be sustainable, visitor comfort and safety are also crucial.Beach tourism is becoming more and more reliant on the physical characteristics of the beach and its seas [7].In compared to other beaches in Bengkulu Province, Tikus Island has a lot of promise because it has land that can be used for a lot of tourist activities.Infrastructure facilities can help marine tourism in addition to natural resources.The huge volume of visitors to coastal areas offers a good opportunity to boost the number of tourists visiting tiny Island tourist destinations.It is appropriate for the Bengkulu Provincial Government to execute infrastructure development towards small Islands in order to enhance the number of tourists visiting the small Island areas.It is appropriate for the Bengkulu Provincial Government to implement infrastructure development towards small Islands, including increasing the number of boats or speed boats as a means of crossing transportation, building piers, offering suitable lodging, disseminating information, and promoting tourism in an integrated manner with various sectoral plans and taking into account the suita [8].
The following items make up the infrastructure that supports marine development: the state of the roads, the availability of transportation, the shopping facilities, shops/kiosks, restaurants, places of worship, the level of security, the level of cleanliness, the community's acceptance of the development, the level of convenience, the garbage sites, the hotels/inns, souvenirs, the tourist information center, the tourist-oriented signage, the health facilities, etc. Clean water, gazebos or shelters, electrical systems, and public restrooms [9].Tour operators must conduct their business more professionally as a result of the rising demand for diving equipment, boats, hotels, and certified dive guides along with an increase in interest in marine tourism to the Tikus Island.The result of the Islands' natural beauty becoming recognized as a marine tourism destination is the rise in domestic and international visitor numbers, as well as media coverage [10].
Acording to [11] assert that three components-ecological, socioeconomic, and supporting factors, institutions, and regional facilities-are necessary for the growth of marine tourism.Relationship between two or more actors in socio-economic interactions including the specs that apply and are mutually agreed upon by the actors of the interaction [12].Maintaining and enhancing the quality of tourism objects, coordinating with the government (relevant agencies) and the community in developing tourist attractions, establishing collaboration with business actors in the fields of marketing (promotion) and transportation, increasing community capabilities through training, especially in the field of tourism, and empowering the community to practice entrepreneurship as a result of processed fisherman are all part of the strategy for developing edu-tourism tourism [13].A development process that is not well planned will cause tourist areas to reach a stagnation phase in a short period of time [14].
Business opportunities in the field of marine tourism on Tikus Island are very potential.So it is important to analyze how the intention of visitors in traveling to Tikus Island is to describe business opportunities and business opportunity strategies.Intentions show how interested visitors are and how infrastructure and resource factors influence it.So that business opportunities can be analyzed from the factors forming the intensity of tourism on Tikus Island.

Place and time of research
The research was conducted in the city of Bengkulu, namely the coastal pier for the Tikus Island.The research location was chosen purposively because this location is a gathering place for visitors who will go to the Tikus Island.The study was conducted on June 2022.

Method of collecting data
Several tools, including the following, are used to collect data: 1. Conduct a literature review by gathering data and information on the issues at hand from reports, books, articles, and past research.2. Speaking with connected parties 3. A questionnaire survey that asks respondents a series of questions about their desire to examine how visitors' intentions to visit Tikus Island.

Determination of Respondent Methods
The sampling method is based on accidental sampling.Respondents in this study were those who have visited or will visit Tikus Island.The number of research respondents was 100 people according to the standard analysis tool Model-Partial Least Square analysis (SEM-PLS).The sampling method is based on accidental sampling.

Data Processing and Analysis Methods
The gathered data is subsequently subjected to quantitative analysis with a descriptive methodology.To ascertain the characteristics of the respondents, the predominate intentions, and the variables influencing the intention to visit Tikus Island, a descriptive analysis was conducted.Utilizing the structural equation model-Partial Least Squares, quantitative analysis was done (SEM-PLS).

Descriptive analysis.
To understand the qualities of respondents that are connected to the trend of respondents' intentions, descriptive analysis was employed.

General overview of respondents
The respondents of this study were visitors to Tikus Island who focused on tourism.The majority of visitors are young people aged less than 34 years by 61%.Young people like tours that are challenging and adrenaline-pumping.Until now, tours to Tikus Island still use small boats that are not sturdy enough to be hit by big waves.So it tends to be more challenging.The majority of men prefer this activity compared to women with a percentage of 68%. the biggest visitor to rat Island is from the local people of Bengkulu province with the serawai tribe.while the religion of the majority of visitors is Muslim.the most jobs are civil servants with an income of 27% which is below the regional minimum wage An individual reflective measure with a standard of 0.6 is the loading factor value.Therefore, any manifest variable with a value less than 0.6 needs to be eliminated from the model.Based on the study's findings, the loading factor for indicators must be more than or equal to 0.6.The path model diagram is created after deleting a number of manifest variables, as seen in Figure 3. Variables from the path diagram are not supported by the model.Maintaining unfit variables will render the model useless.

Discriminant validity. Construct validity is assessed based on the Average Variance Extracted (AVE)
. In this study, the AVE value of each construct is above 0.5.Therefore there is no convergent validity problem in the tested model.The entire model is declared valid.Construct validity is assessed based on the Average Variance Extracted (AVE).In this study, the AVE value of each construct is above 0.5.Therefore there is no convergent validity problem in the tested model.The entire model is declared valid.Construct reliability is assessed based on Composite reliability to measure internal consistency, and its value must be above 0.6.Based on table 2, the overall Composite reliability measurement results are above the value of 0.6 or reliable.This means that the data has been consistent and able to explain the model.The economic growth of Tikus Island and its environs heavily depends on the availability of natural resources.One of the things that draws visitors is the natural beauty and wealth of the coast.Exploring small Islands through marine tourism involves traveling to areas that are still natural and largely unpolluted or disturbed.Marine ecotourism is the ideal industry to promote since small Islands, in general, are popular due to their singularity and beauty that are dispersed throughout coastal and marine areas.On Tikus Island, there are 33 kinds of reef fish from 20 different families.Scorpaenidae and Dasyatidae, two of the 20 families discovered, are highly venomous fish families (death full venomous fishes).Pterois volitans, an ornamental fish species from the Scorpaenidae family, is a high-value exportable commodity [15].Considering the idea of sustainable exploitation of coastal natural resources in conjunction with environmental service systems that give priority to coastal natural resources as service items [16].This marine tourism facility is a leisurely public space with a focus on underwater marine life in order to raise public awareness of the value of protecting marine life [17].Tikus Island must therefore be the ultimate source of qualified natural resources for maritime tourism.The focus of marine ecotourism in coastal areas and small Islands is on a number of factors, according to [18] because small Island areas are very large marine tourism assets supported by geological potential and features that have a very close relationship with coral reefs, especially hard corals [1].It seems sense that small, uninhabited Islands would retain their natural beauty and authenticity of biodiversity, making the development of maritime tourism with an educational component quite intriguing.Tikus Island in this instance has developed into a marine tourism hotspot as a result of the accessibility of remarkable natural resources.The availability of mangrove forests and seagrass beds, together with intact marine ecosystems, environmental cleanliness, complete marine ecosystems, and existing marine organisms, were deemed to be the most important factors based on the analysis's findings.It has been demonstrated that the presence of good attitude substantially supports travelers' strong desire to visit Tikus Island.
Coastal forests, brackish forests, or mangrove forests are all names for mangrove ecosystems.Mangrove forests are a particular variety of tropical forest that often develop around rivers or beaches that are subject to the ebb and flow of the ocean.Meanwhile, seagrass beds are flowering plants that can adapt to life on the bottom.Seagrass beds are the broad fields that seagrasses create on the ocean floor.Seagrass beds provide a variety of purposes in the coastal environment, including serving as a nursery for shrimp and small fish, trapping silt to prevent erosion, feeding different fish, and serving as a source of materials for creating paper and fertilizer.Seagrass beds are one of the three crucial coastal ecosystems, along with coral reefs and mangroves.Additionally, this area offers both ecological and economic potential.Because the local community can use them for local horticulture that can be turned into various types of food to boost the economy of the people around Tikus Island, the presence of mangrove forests and seagrass beds is the strongest sign of their impact on marine tourism.
Large coral reefs all around Tikus Island shield the Island's beauty from erosion and damage caused by strong beach waves.Poriter, pocillopora, sarcophito, acroporase, fungia, and montipora forms of coral are among the several varieties found on Tikus Island.The beauty of its biodiversity with numerous species of birds such as black cranes, terns, cormorant rice and kwak robbers.Sea turtles can find good habitat on Tikus Island.
Turtles with the scientific names Eretmochelys imbricata, or hawksbill, and cheloma mydas, or green turtles, find solace in nesting on the white sand of the beach.So that whole marine ecosystems, marine organisms that are still alive, and environmental cleanliness.

The influence of infrastructure on the intention of tourists to visit Tikus Island, Indonesia.
Based on the results of data analysis, it was found that infrastructure had a significant effect on The Intention of Tourists To Visit Tikus Island.This shows that the strategy is the most priority and has the potential for the development of marine tourism.As is well known, Tikus Island is an integrated area between Tikus Island and Tapak Paderi.Tikus Island as a marine tourism object and Tapak Paderi as the initial pier.This means that the entire infrastructure must be prepared in the framework of tourism development.Infrastructure is very important to develop.Infrastructure development needs to start right away.This is due to the fact that infrastructure is crucial to company continuity.The presence of complete facilities can affect visitor satisfaction [15].
The study's findings demonstrate that Tikus Island still does not have adequate access to information.Building a Base Transceiver Station (BTS), a piece of telecommunications infrastructure that enables wireless connection between communication devices and operator networks, will enhance access to information.Telephones, cell phones, and wireless networks are examples of communication devices that can receive BTS signals, whereas GSM, CDMA, and TDMA platforms are used by network operators.In order to circulate messages or data, BTS transmits and receives radio signals from mobile devices and changes them into digital signals for transmission to other terminals.In order for communication to remain effective, especially on Tikus Island.The government can start the BTS's construction and monthly operations so that lots of people will be impacted by this change.Consequently, local and regional governments must have a policy on the construction of infrastructure and tourism facilities [19][20][21].
In addition to information access facilities, it is essential to have public restrooms.Since there are currently public restrooms on Tikus Island, improvements must be made to make them more usable and expand their availability.The respondents' main concern is the availability of suitable vessels.This is so because the only boats accessible are small boats, which are not appropriate for tourism.Visitors are not completely safe on fishing boats.

Conclusion
Based on the results of data processing, it was found that infrastructure and natural resources has a significant effect on travel intention to Tikus Island.Exploring small Islands through marine tourism involves traveling to areas that are still natural and largely unpolluted or disturbed.Marine ecotourism is the ideal industry to promote since small Islands, in general, are popular due to their singularity and beauty that are dispersed throughout coastal and marine areas [22].The entire infrastructure must be prepared in the framework of tourism development.Infrastructure is very important to develop [23].Infrastructure development needs to start right away.This is due to the fact that infrastructure is crucial to company continuity.The presence of complete facilities can affect visitor satisfaction

Figure 3 .
Figure 3. Diagram of the final path Tests performed by evaluating the outer model to determine the link between the indicator block and its latent variables.To begin with, verify the accuracy of employing loading factors with a standard 0.7.A loading factor of less than 0.7 necessitates its removal from the model.In the second step, convergent validity values are examined using the Average Variance Extracted (AVE) value and a 0.5 criterion.Test the discriminant validity, third.The test compares the correlation value between the constructions with the value of the AVE square root AVE.After you've finished analyzing the outer model, move on to analyzing the inside model.
). PLS is an analytical tool that can work in calculating Intervening variables.In this study, Intention is a variable that requires intervening variables.So PLS is really needed.In this study to determine the most dominant influencing factors.Analysis using PLS has several test stages namely: 2.4.2.1.Analysis of the outer model.2.4.2.3.Hypothesis testing.The developed hypothesis is tested in the final phase.A test used to determine the impact of exogenous latent variables on endogenous latent is known as hypothesis testing.

Table 2 .
Average Variance Extracted (AVE) & Composite reability 3.2.3.Evaluation of inner.Evaluation of inner models can be done to calculate the value of GoF (Goodness of fit).Gof value of 0.783 and included in the large category which means that the model is fit and suitable for use.Coefficient evaluation is to assess the relationship between latent variables in the model.Based on the results of data processing, it was found that infrastructure and natural resources has a significant effect on travel intention to Tikus Island with the P Value of 0.002 & 0.000.

Table 3 .
Hypothesis testThe influence of natural resources and infrastructure on travel intention to Tikus Island, Indonesia 3.3.1.The Influence of natural resources on travel intention to Tikus Island, Indonesia.According to the analysis's findings, natural resources significantly affect travelers' intentions to visit Tikus Island.