Street Lighting Infrastructure Assessment Using Discriminant and GIS Method on Mount Merapi Evacuation Road

This research aims to assess street lighting infrastructure in rural-urban of Mount Merapi Evacuation road. Three evacuation road/corridor; Mriyan-Boyolali, Wonodoyo-Boyolali and Samiran-Boyolali are selected as case study. By using discriminant this study examine 6 variables namely type of lamp, physical component, height, time, power and cons consumption. In addition this study also using GIS method to assessing geographical feature as of previous result. According to the discriminant analysis, the characteristic of street lighting could be distinguished as two characteristic, while from the GIS assessment, the study found three characteristic of geographical street lighting feature.


Introduction
Study concerning to street lighting infrastructure have been conducted worldwide. Many theme have been researched such as concerning to crime [1,2], accident [3,4] energy and efficiency [5,6], smart and intelligent system [7,8]. However, research associated toward evacuation and characteristic of corridor very limited. This study aims to assess the quality street lighting infrastructure in associated with preparedness of evacuation process in mount merapi hazard. Three corridor surrounding mount Merapi namely Mriyan-Boyolali, Wonodoyo-Boyolali and Samiran-Boyolali are selected as case study. In addition this study will explore the physical and management aspect. The physical variable such as type of lamp, physical component, height, time, power and cons consumption, while the management variable such as providing and maintenance system

Methods and Study Area
This research utilized discriminant method to analysis street lighting characteristic in the three corridors. This method is one of the powerful method to classify the characteristic of infrastructure, since many study have been conduct by using this method at least for 27 years. infrastructure impact [9], study to define significant urban rail infrastructure [10], Moreover, this research utilized spatial method such as GIS to explore the spatial aspect between corridors. This study also assess the management aspect namely, providing and maintenance system, in associated with community concern in preparedness. Different with previous, for example, community concern in disaster waste [11], lava flow [12], vulnerability of infrastructure [13], this study utilized interview, simple FGD and observation method during data collection. Data characteristic classified by 6 variables for discriminant analysis and classification as three group for final assessment such as good, medium, and bad.
The study area covers 3 villages spread in 3 different sub-districts, namely Mriyan -Boyolali, wonodoyo -Boyolali, and Samiran-Boyolali. The three villages have geographical characteristic such as geographical slopes, classification of disaster prone area. The length of each corridor as follow ( figure 1 As depicted in table 2, Fluorescent Tube Lamp, is used in sub corridor of Mriyan, Wonodoyo, Samiran, Gedangan, Sambung, Selo and Genting. This is the sub corridors 1. In this areas, the physical material used for street lighting is still reasonable, for example made of wood / bamboo so that not good enough resilience. The height of the lamp in this area is no more than 5 meters. The average time of street In sub corridor 2 namely; Ringinlarik, Pusporenggo, Jelok, Mliwis, and Winong, type of lampt that used is SOX. In this area l-urban areas, the physical material of street lighting is good enough. Made of metal, has a lamp shield, so good enough resilience. The height of lamp is Quite varied, there PJU which has a height of less than 5 meters, there is also 5 -10 meters. The average time of street lighting lighting in the village area is for 10 hours / day. Energy consumption per month estimated 2.862 kWh and cost of energy per month estimated IDR 3,963,870.00 According to the characteristic of physical of street lighting could be shown that there is a significant different between sub corridor 1 group of corridors Mriyan, Mriyan, Wonodoyo, Samiran, Gedangan, Sambung , Selo and Genting comparing to the physical characteristic of street lighting in sub corridors 2 group of corridors Ringinlarik, Pusporenggo, Jelok, Mliwis, and Winong.

Characteristic of Management System of Street Lighting
As depicted in table 3, In the sub corridor 1 as group of Mriyan, Wonodoyo, Samiran, Gedangan, Sambung, Selo and Genting, the providing system of street lighting is Community base. However the level of understanding toward energy efficiency is very limited. In sub corridor 2 as group of corridors Ringinlarik, Pusporenggo, Jelok, Mliwis, and Winong, they received support from the government. So in this sub corridors the role of community in providing and management system not dominant.

Discriminant Analysis
The discriminant analyis is used to understanding dominant faktor or variable in the clasification. The result of discriminant analysis is that the physical variable of lamp type is the most influential. The discriminant function according to sub corridor 1 and sub corridor 2 of this study are as follow:

GIS analysis of Street Lighting
The GIS analysis the overall quality of street lighting. The result of assessment by using scoring system. The street lighting quality of sub corridor of Musuk Pusporenggo Sukorame Wonodoyo, Paras, Sumbung, and Gedangan is less quality.