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The International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA) was founded in 1978 and was the first institution in Italy to promote post-graduate courses leading to a Doctor Philosophiae (or PhD) degree. A centre of excellence among Italian and international universities, the school has around 65 teachers, 100 post docs and 245 PhD students, and is located in Trieste, in a campus of more than 10 hectares with wonderful views over the Gulf of Trieste.
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The ATLAS TRT Barrel Detector
The ATLAS TRT collaboration1, E Abat1, T N Addy10, T P A Åkesson13, J Alison21, F Anghinolfi3, E Arik1, M Arik1, G Atoian26, B Auerbach26, O K Baker26, E Banas6, S Baron3, C Bault3, N Becerici1, A Beddall1,27, A J Beddall1,27, J Bendotti3, D P Benjamin7, H Bertelsen4, A Bingul1,27, H Blampey3, A Bocci7, M Bochenek5, V G Bondarenko16, V Bychkov12, J Callahan11, M Capeáns Garrido3, L Cardiel Sas3, A Catinaccio3, S A Cetin1,28, T Chandler26, R Chritin8, P Cwetanski11, M Dam4, H Danielsson3, E Danilevich22, E David3, J Degenhardt21, B Di Girolamo3, F Dittus3, N Dixon3, O B Dogan1, B A Dolgoshein16, N Dressnandt21, C Driouchi4, W L Ebenstein7, P Eerola13, U Egede13, K Egorov11, H Evans11, P Farthouat3, O L Fedin22, A J Fowler7, S Fratina21, D Froidevaux3, A Fry10, P Gagnon11, I L Gavrilenko15, C Gay25, N Ghodbane18, J Godlewski3, M Goulette3, I Gousakov12, N Grigalashvili12, Y Grishkevich17, J Grognuz3, Z Hajduk6, M Hance21, F Hansen4, J B Hansen4, P H Hansen4, G Hanson11,29, G A Hare21, A Harvey Jr10, C Hauviller3, A High21, W Hulsbergen3, W Huta3, V Issakov26, S Istin1, V Jain11, G Jarlskog13, L Jeanty25, V A Kantserov16, B Kaplan26, A S Kapliy21, S Katounine22, F Kayumov15, P T Keener21, G D Kekelidze12, E Khabarova12, A Khristachev22, B Kisielewski6, T H Kittelmann23, C Kline11, E B Klinkby4, N V Klopov22, B R Ko7, T Koffas3, N V Kondratieva16, S P Konovalov15, S Koperny5, H Korsmo13, S Kovalenko22, T Z Kowalski5, K Krüger22, V Kramarenko17, L G Kudin22, A-C Le Bihan22, B C LeGeyt21, K Levterov12, P Lichard3, A Lindahl4, V Lisan12, S Lobastov12, A Loginov26, C W Loh25, S Lokwitz26, M C Long10, S Lucas3, A Lucotte9, F Luehring11, B Lundberg13, R Mackeprang4, V P Maleev22, A Manara11, M Mandl3, A J Martin26, F F Martin21, R Mashinistov16, G M Mayers21, K W McFarlane10, V Mialkovski12, B M Mills25, B Mindur5, V A Mitsou24, J U Mjörnmark13, S V Morozov16, E Morris11, S V Mouraviev15, A M Muir25, A Munar21, A V Nadtochi22, S Y Nesterov22, F M Newcomer21, N Nikitin17, O Novgorodova15, E G Novodvorski22, H Ogren11, S H Oh7, S B Oleshko22, D Olivito21, J Olszowska6, W Ostrowicz6, M S Passmore3, S Patrichev22, J Penwell11, F Perez-Gomez3, V D Peshekhonov12, T C Petersen3, R Petti2, A Placci3, A Poblaguev26, X Pons3, M J Price3, O Rø hne20, R D Reece21, M B Reilly21, C Rembser3, A Romaniouk16, D Rousseau19, D Rust11, Y F Ryabov22, V Ryjov3, M Söderberg13, A Savenkov12, J Saxon21, M Scandurra11, V A Schegelsky22, M I Scherzer21, M P Schmidt26, C Schmitt3, E Sedykh22, D M Seliverstov22, T Shin10, A Shmeleva15, S Sivoklokov17, S Yu Smirnov16, L Smirnova17, O Smirnova13, P Smith11, V V Sosnovtsev16, G Sprachmann3, S Subramania11, S I Suchkov16, V V Sulin15, R R Szczygiel6, G Tartarelli14, E Thomson21, V O Tikhomirov15, P Tipton26, J A Valls Ferrer24, R Van Berg21, V I Vassilakopoulos10, L Vassilieva15, P Wagner21, R Wall26, C Wang7, D Whittington11, H H Williams21, A Zhelezko16 and K Zhukov15
Published 29 February 2008 •
Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd
Journal of Instrumentation,
Volume 3,
February 2008
Citation The ATLAS TRT collaboration et al 2008 JINST3 P02014DOI 10.1088/1748-0221/3/02/P02014
4 Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 17, DK - 2100 Kobenhavn 0, Denmark
5 Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science of the AGH-University of Science and Technology, (FPACS, AGH-UST), al. Mickiewicza 30, PL-30059 Cracow, Poland
6 The Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Radzikowskiego 152, PL - 31342 Krakow, Poland
7 Duke University, Department of Physics, Durham, NC 27708, United States of America
8 Universite de Geneve, Section de Physique, 24 rue Ernest Ansermet, CH - 1211 Geneve 4, Switzerland
9 Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie, CNRS-IN2P3, Universite Joseph Fourier, INPG, 53 avenue des Martyrs, FR - 38026 Grenoble Cedex, France
10 Hampton University, Department of Physics, Hampton, VA 23668, United States of America
11 Indiana University, Department of Physics, Swain Hall West, Room 117, 727 East Third St., Bloomington, IN 47405-7105, United States of America
12 Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, JINR Dubna, RU - 141 980 Moscow Region, Russia
13 Lunds Universitet, Fysiska Institutionen, Box 118, SE - 221 00 Lund, Sweden
14 INFN Milano and Università di Milano, Dipartimento di Fisica, via Celoria 16, IT - 20133 Milano, Italy
15 P.N. Lebedev Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 53, RU - 117 924 Moscow, Russia
16 Moscow Engineering & Physics Institute (MEPhI), Kashirskoe Shosse 31, RU - 115409 Moscow, Russia
17 Lomonosov Moscow State University, Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, RU - 119 992 Moscow Lenskie gory 1, Russia
18 Max Planck Institut fuer Physik, Postfach 401212, Foehringer Ring 6, DE - 80805 Muenchen, Germany
19 LAL, Univ. Paris-Sud, IN2P3/CNRS, Orsay, France
20 Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Blindern, NO - 0316 Oslo 3, Norway
21 University of Pennsylvania, Department of Physics & Astronomy, 209 S. 33rd Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States of America
22 Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, RU - 188 300 Gatchina, Russia
23 University of Pittsburgh, Department of Physics and Astronomy, 3941 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, United States of America
24 Instituto de Física Corpuscular (IFIC), Centro Mixto UVEG-CSIC, Apdo. 22085, ES-46071 Valencia; Dept. Física At., Mol. y Nuclear, Univ. of Valencia and Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona (IMB-CNM-CSIC), 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
25 University of British Columbia, Dept of Physics, 6224 Agricultural Road, CA - Vancouver, B.C. V6T 1Z1, Canada
26 Yale University, Department of Physics, PO Box 208121, New Haven CT, 06520-8121 , United States of America
27 Currently at Gaziantep University, Turkey
28 Currently at Dogus University, Istanbul
29 Currently at University of California, Riverside
The ATLAS TRT barrel is a tracking drift chamber using
52,544 individual tubular drift tubes. It is one part of the ATLAS
Inner Detector, which consists of three sub-systems: the pixel
detector spanning the radius range 4 to 20 cm, the semiconductor
tracker (SCT) from 30 to 52 cm, and the transition radiation tracker
(TRT) from 56 to 108 cm. The TRT barrel covers the central
pseudo-rapidity region |η|< 1, and the TRT while endcaps cover
the forward and backward eta regions. These TRT systems provide a
combination of continuous tracking with many measurements in
individual drift tubes (or straws) and of electron identification
based on transition radiation from fibers or foils interleaved between
the straws themselves. This paper describes the recently-completed
construction of the TRT Barrel detector, including the quality control
procedures used in the fabrication of the detector.
