WIME Systematic Innovation Method based on 6WHI and Total Factor Matrix Analysis

The involved object of systematic innovation and management is neither a single goal nor a single meth-od. Firstly, the research object is a systematic and organic whole composed of multiple node elements with a certain degree of correlation. Secondly, the research method is multi-dimensional, comprehensive, all round and highly efficient. Innovation should break through the existing thinking framework, change the existing structure, add new components, give new energy and produce new functions. The 5W1H is a questioning approach and a problem-solving method that answers all the basic elements within a problem which are what, who, when, where, why, and how. It aims to view ideas from various perspectives and gain an in-depth understanding of a specific situation. On the basis of 5W1H analysis method, this paper puts forward the 6WHI systematic innovation management method, which increases the query words weather and if of the innovation expansion solution, increases the number of questions from 6 to 8, and expands innovative forward-looking and innovative solutions diversity, with smoother pronunciation, more exciting storm. Furthermore, a systematic innovation method based on 6WHI and total factor analysis is established, and a more general and normative model WIME method is presented. This method can be utilized as a continuous process-improvement technique in an organization. Taking the 17 letters of “if question patents” as the prefix, they are just 17 common key elements in system management and innovation. For each element mentioned above, 8 questions and answers of 6WHI are given to realize systematic management and innovation. The above two types of work are arranged according to the matrix format, and then the weighted evaluation method is introduced to evaluate the above management and innovation work, so as to give a general and standardized systematic management and innovation (WIME) method.


Introduction
Since the reform and opening up, China has taken innovation as a national development strategy, put forward such strategic guiding thoughts as "science and technology is the first productive force", "innovation is the never-ending source of a nation", "the scientific outlook on development" and "mass entrepreneurship and innovation".Over the past forty years, the innovation work in various industries in China has been constantly changing, and various innovative management theories and methods have emerged, providing important guarantees for China's all-round and high-speed development.Due to the diverse industries and innovative content in social development, continuously increasing difficulty of systematic innovation and management, and higher requirements for the efficient utilization of innovation in different links of the system and the resolution of systemic contradictions, and thus it has become very important and urgent to innovate a more general and standardized system innovation and management method."5W" is a set of communication models firstly proposed by American political scientist Lasswell in 1932.After continuous application and summary by people, a mature "5W+1H" model has been gradually formed ("5W1H analysis method" or "six-question analysis method").5W1H (what, who, when, where, why and how) innovation analysis method is the result of many management innovators' courageous exploration, application and summary over the past decades, is a thinking method and has been widely applied in enterprise management, daily work, life and learning.Subsequently, scholars [1] proposed 6WHI systematic management innovation method.Hitarth Narvala [2] proposed an approach which deploys a tailored similarity function for HAC by leveraging extracted answers to 5W1H questions along with time decay between documents.Diana Almeida [3] used 5W1H formula to present the overview of the evolving trends in next-generation probiotics.Kittichai Kasemsarn [4] made a marketing plan for applying 5W1H in design postgraduate degrees, it can contribute to knowledge about how marketing plans (5W1H) can understand postgraduate design students choose their curriculums.Hitarth Narvala [5] proposed a novel unsupervised hierarchical agglomerative clustering (HAC) based information threading method which identified threads based on temporal relations and diverse information about an event, i.e., who did what, why, where, when and how.Dianne Little [6] developed guidelines based on 5W1H for the field of preclinical tendon and ligament animal model.Qu [7] applied the 5W1H method to organize teaching, condensed the teaching content, and reasonably matched the teaching means to combine the teachers' "teaching" and the students' "learning" organically.For applied under-graduate universities, "5W1H" method can help improve the quality of teaching.Tran Thi Ngoc Anh [8] ad-dressed the issue of utilizing the 5W1H paradigm in the preservation of Vietnamese literary values of ethnic minorities.The author gave a variety of solutions of the model, especially the educational solutions.An [9] drew inspiration from the 5W1H analysis method, and analysed the localization of "design thinking" in China's public libraries from six perspectives: connotation, necessity, environment, timing, subject and object, and strategy.Many scholars have applied the 5W1H method to ask, explore and answer questions about the re-search content (What), research object (Who), research field (Where), research time sequence (When), research purpose and reason (Why), and research method and means (How) in different application fields, and give systematic innovative solutions in the research fields [10][11][12][13][14]. Su [15] proposed the method of "5W1H" to be applied to understand design and structured the model of "5W1H" in industrial design.It is pointed out that "5W1H" in industrial design can be regarded as a kind of behaviour to understand design works and a strategy to guide concrete design practice.In addition to the classical 5W1H systematic innovation method, Chinese and foreign scientific and technological workers have researched and applied a variety of systematic innovation methods.The more famous and widely used methods are Triz method, Sigma method and so on.Yao Wei and Han Xu [16] took classical TRIZ, USIT, ASIT as examples to examine the process of generating the methods and solutions, they defined the C space as the conceptual space and the K space as the knowledge space from the perspective of C-K theory, and the elements of the two spaces can be transformed into each other under different types of rules (known as different operators), and they put forward the four basic features that the innovation methods should have, namely the refining of the problem, problem standardization, knowledge introduction and solution validation.This is a development and improvement of the classical TRIZ theory.Guo [17] utilized the existing experimental platform and conditions in practical teaching, designed innovative practice (including: experiment, course design, graduation design) project, cultivated students' innovation ability and comprehensive practical ability through the realization of the project, so as to coordinate the traditional experimental content with the innovative practice project.In the innovation competition with competitors, Zhang [18] systematically researched and planned the invention and layout of patents.Firstly, innovative and new patents were set around the existing patents of competitors, it can block the expansion of competitors' patents at the same time; secondly, on the basis of the existing patents of competitors, the new innovation points were found out, and then the corresponding patents were reapplied, and the new patents would be even higher.Nadhmi Gazem [19] redesigned the service business for small and mediumsized enterprises (SMEs) by using the TRIZ systematic innovation method.Increasing industry competition for SMEs is forcing SMEs to invest more resources to improve their service business, which requires more skilled personnel, strong research capabilities and more development capital.However, SMEs are weak in these areas, limiting their growth.The author discussed to redesign service business for SMEs by using the TRIZ method of systemic innovation in order to improve the competitiveness of SMEs.Bracio Klaudia [20] used the mixed innovation method in innovation management research by selecting 93 relevant articles from web and scopus databases to study the application of their mixed innovation method and give the corresponding statistical proportions.All these articles develop and complement the systemic innovation system from various perspectives in different fields and forms and with disparate methods.These research results have further improved the sensitive factor analysis, reliability change analysis, risk analysis, multi-solution evaluation analysis, extensibility exploration, new goals and findings, and optimality of effects of innovations in systematic innovation work in the researched fields, and the 5W1H analysis meth-od lacks the innovative connotation ideas of whether and IF.If we add "whether" and "IF (if...then...)" to the above literature, the traditional 5W1H method will be replaced by 6WHI (eight-question analysis method, referred to as 6WHI analysis method).If the systematic innovation work is upgraded to a systematic chain engineering innovation project and then is optimally managed and comprehensively evaluated, a systematic eco-chain innovation engineering project management method will be obtained.This method is more systematic, has clearer innovation goal, more accurate comprehensive optimization judgement and more extensive application field, and will have a greater promotion effect on the systematic innovation management work.

Proposal of the 6WHI innovation analysis method
The 5W1H analysis method is simple and practical.To fully demonstrate the initiative, exploration, and reliability of innovation, this paper proposes the 6WHI innovation analysis method.6WHI means What, Who, When, Where, Why, Whether, How and IF, and its innovation points include: (1) The addition of 1 W, namely Whether (whether .....), reflecting the initiative and exploration of innovation.
(2) The addition of 1 I, namely If (If..., then it will...), adding the specific solution proposal with more innovative reasoning and improving the relevance and reliability of the problem solving.
(3) Improving and upgrading the original 1H to HI, with the letter I standing for If.Improving the original pronunciation of 1H to pronunciation of HI.The improved pronunciation of the integrated acronym becomes smoother, more affable and more exorbitant.(4) The 6WHI innovation analysis method consists of eight types of questions and answers: What, Who, When, Where, Why, Whether (new question), How, If (new question).( 5) Broadening the interval domain of innovation analysis--including expansion in such many aspects as time, space, quality, information, function (energy), as shown in Figure 1.

I-S total factor innovation method
The innovation work not only requires the innovation of single function and technology, but also requires the combined innovation by many team members in the whole chain of business and the whole process of the system, covering such multiple links as conception, after sales service of the product and so on."If question patents" literally means "if patent technology is questioned".These 17 English letters are used as abbreviations to just represent the initial letters of the 17 innovative elements in the project system.English words with these 17 initial letters can summarize all the important 17 node elements in systematic innovation management.If the innovation management of these 17 node chains is realized, the whole chain innovation of the whole system is also completed, thus realizing a standardized innovation management specification that is easily replicated and can be promoted, and forming a systematic innovation management method which is referred to as the "I-S" total factor innovation method.Coincidentally, these 17 initial letters contain the meaning of systematic innovation and exploration in both meaning and form, have smooth pronunciation, are conducive to the use and memory, and also meet the "five-easy" principle of "easy to simplify, easy to learn, easy to remember, easy to use, and easy to update."These 17 letters and their meanings are described as follows: (1) I: Idea-Innovation needs to be guided by pioneering and novel ideas and concepts.
(2) F: Function-The need for novel functional design, which is a prerequisite for entire process innovation; (3) Q: Quality-The need for good characters, traits and qualities.(4) U: Utilize-Utilization of existing external and internal knowledge, results and conditions in various fields in order to increase the rate of success and the efficiency of innovation; (5) E: Environment-Full consideration of environmental factors, environmental protection and environmental beautification, harmony between the people and nature.(6) S: Save-Saving requirements, should be throughout the whole process of innovation work, including energy saving, material saving, cost saving, manpower saving, time saving, plant and land saving and so on.(7) T: Time-The time cycle, time schedule and time efficiency of innovation are also important influencing factors in the innovation input output ratio.(8) I: Intelligence-Intelligence and talent.Making full use of the intelligence and talent of each person in the system, intelligent means of modern technology, big data mining, the Internet, artificial intelligence and expert systems can improve the work ability at high level and efficiently.( 9) O: Organization-Forming of organizations, system integration, groups organic systems, integrating different talents and resources for mutual support and multiplication of forces, forming an integrated and organic system, improving the comprehensive organizational functions and strength.(10) N: Negotiation-Negotiation, discussion and consultation.On a double win basis, making full use of all conditions to maximize the interests of all parties.(11) P: Plan-Planning plans, solutions and strategies, design drawings and graphic illustrations.(12) A: Arrangement-Arrangement, sorting, mediation and adaptation.Innovation, especially disruptive in-novation has a certain degree of uncertainty, and should not be controlled too strictly to prevent constraint and limit on the activity and openness of innovation.Therefore, business management in innovation should be arrangement, sorting, mediation and adaptation, i.e. arrangement; (13) T: Technique-Technology, skill, technique and method.Innovative work cannot only rely on hard work, but should also find and use some techniques, skills and efficient methods to improve the success rate of innovation.( 14) E: Efficiency-Efficiency and efficacy.Innovation work also involves evaluating the benefits of input and output, reducing various costs, improving the utilization of personnel, equipment and instrument, and improving innovation effectiveness.High efficacy is an important indicator for innovation and assessment work.
(15) N: Novelty-Newness, something novel (a novel legend), a novel and inexpensive item.The essence of innovation work must reflect novelty and legend, and many of the fantasies and hypotheses in science fiction are also a disruptive leap in innovation, many of which have been realized and utilized.( 16) T: Test-Test and experiment.Innovation is to do what no one has done before, and is to explore way carefully.Whether the original solution can achieve the innovation goal or get the innovation results or not and whether the requirements of the original goal can be achieved or not must rely on the test and inspection, it shall test the effect of real application, so as to verify whether the innovation goal has been achieved or not, but also it can show shortcomings and the aspects to be improved.( 17) S: Safety-Safety is the premise and guarantee of all work, safety covers project safety, health and safety of the construction personnel.

Matrix combination analysis based on 6WHI and I-S (WIME method)
All 17 node elements (If question patents) in the innovation system are subjected to 8 types of questions and answers in the 6WHI method, which can constitute a complete and standardized matrix systematic innovation management method.To enhance the standardization, clarity and operability of systematic innovation management, the 17 node elements (If question patents) with 8 types of questions and answers (6WHI) in the target system are arranged in a matrix as shown in Table 1.I-S in Table 1 represent the 17 innovation elements respectively, and the lower corner markers represent the j th question of the 6WHI, with j ranging from 1 to 8. By utilizing mathematical matrix theory, the study of normative and standardized methods of systemic innovation and management is further enhanced.Due to the need for 8 types of questions and answers (6WHI) for each of the 17 node elements in the system (If question patents), the resulting matrix arrangement solution is quite complex, the comprehensive evaluation is also difficult to grasp quantitatively.The weighted comprehensive evaluation method with weighted scoring is simpler and more practical, and Table 2 presents the comprehensive evaluation of system solution for the sys-tem total factor Q&A matrix.
In Table 2, the meaning of each symbol is explained as below.
(1) Give scores based on the correctness of the answers to the 8 types of questions (6WHI) of the 17 node elements in the system.Ai,j represents the scoring value (hundred-mark system can be used) of the answer to the j th question of the i th element in the target system.Where, i=1, 2, ......, 17, j=1, 2, ......, 8.
(2) Set the weight (importance) of Ai,j (the answer to the j th question of the i th element in the target system).λi,j represents the weight of of Ai,j (the answer to the j th question of the i th element in the target system) (the weight can be taken as 0 to 1), and ∑ λ , = 1 8 =1 , which meets the normalization condition.
(3) Calculate the comprehensive score of the answers to 8 questions (6WHI) for each innovation element.Bi represents the comprehensive score of the answers to all 8 questions (6WHI) for the i th element in the target system,   = ∑ λ , * A , 8 =1 .(4) Set the weight of the i th element in the target system, i  represents the weight of the i th element (which can be taken as 0 to 1) of the 17 elements (If question patents) of the target system, where, ∑ ε  = 1 17 =1 , which meets the normalization condition.
(5) Perform a comprehensive scoring evaluation on the answers to all 8 questions (6WHI) for all 17 elements (If question patients) of the target system, as follows:  = ∑ ε  *   17 =1 . R represents the comprehensive evaluation value for answers to all 8 questions (6WHI) for all 17 elements (If question patients) of the target system, and such evaluation value is the comprehensive evaluation score value obtained by weighting the horizontal item-by-item scoring and vertical weighting for the solution represented by this matrix.The system solution comprehensive evaluation method of system total factor Q&A matrix is not only extensive and comprehensive, but also conforms to the "five-easy" principles of easy to simplify, easy to learn, easy to remember, easy to use and easy to update, and the initial letters of the four main categories of the method are extracted to form the "WIME" (also referred to as the WIME method).Wherein, W-stands for 8 Q&A methods of 6WHI; I-stands for 17 node elements in systematic innovation management in If question patents; M-stands for matrix standard list; E-stands for comprehensive weighted evaluation.Completion of the four "WIME" activities described above in accordance with the standards represents the completion of the main work on systemic innovation management in this paper.

Conclusions
(1) The 5W1H analysis method used currently and commonly worldwide is upgraded and expanded to 6WHI innovation analysis method, with the addition of Whether and If, this improves the expandability, initiative, exploration and reliability of the innovation management, and the English pronunciation is more concise, smoother and more passionate than before.
(2) A systematic innovation management method for the entire process node chain has been proposed, this method is easy to remember and use."If question patents" literally means "if the patented technology is questioned", and these 17 letters happen to be an acronym, representing the 17 important node elements of the entire process of innovation management.
(3) With the standardized matrix table, the 17 node elements of the system and the 8 types of questions and answers of the 6WHI are combined and unified to form a matrix model for standardized systematic innovation management.(4) Weighted and comprehensive evaluation is conducted for various innovative ideas for complex project systems to create qualitative quantitative optimized innovation solutions.
(5) This paper proposes a systematic innovation management method called "Matrix Q&A Evaluation", which is referred to as "WIME" for short.Its four letters stand for the four main categories of innovation management contents.It not only promotes the systematic management method, but also has reference significance for the optimization design of the current artificial intelligence application system and the development of the global logical association network of the innovative logic route from problem discovery to method innovation and goal realization.

Figure 1 .
Figure 1.The space domain of management innovation in the expansion of 5W1H into 6WHI.

Table 1 .
Table of systematic innovation management of system total factor Q&A matrix.

Table 2 .
Comprehensive evaluation of system solution for the system total factor Q&A matrix.