The potential attractiveness of development mangrove ecotourism in Karawang regency

The mangrove ecosystem is one of the ecosystems that are very important for the life of flora, fauna as well as the people around it. The development of mangrove ecosystems into ecotourism is one way to the sustainability of mangrove ecosystems so that have a negative impact on the lives of their creatures. The development of ecotourism needs to be supported by tourist attractiveness as well as learning to tourists to care about their environment in accordance with the principles of ecotourism namely responsible travel to natural areas, conserving the environment and improving the well-being of local people. This paper focuses on the potential attractiveness of ecotourism development in Karawang Regency. The method used in this research is to do calculations using weights and scoring. The results showed that Sukakerta Village has a potential attractive attraction for mangrove ecotourism development in Karawang Regency, while Rawagempol Kulon and Tambaksari Village have an unattractive potential for mangrove ecotourism development and other villages have the attractive potential for mangrove ecotourism development due to inadequate facilities and accessibility.


Introduction
The mangrove ecosystem is one of the ecosystems in the coastal area which is dominated by typical tree or shrub species that can grow in salty/brackish waters and are affected by the tides of seawater [1]. The mangrove ecosystem has the potential to develop mangrove ecotourism. Mangroves that are used for ecotourism are in accordance with the shift in tourist interest from old tourism, namely tourists who only come to do tours without any elements of education and conserve action to new tourism, namely tourists who come to do tourism activities and there are elements of education and conservation in it [2].
Ecotourism is nature-based tourism involving education and interpretation of the natural environment and includes local cultural components [3]. Mangrove ecotourism development is an effort to utilize environmental services in coastal areas in a sustainable and long-term manner. Mangrove ecotourism is considered to be able to conserve forest ecosystems in a real way [4]. Karawang Regency is one of the districts in West Java that has mangrove forests with an area of 275 ha [5]. The greatest potential of mangrove forests in Karawang Regency is in Tirtajaya, Cibuaya, Cilebar and Cilamaya Districts, while in other sub-districts, it is only local, with only a few trees left, because mangroves are more suitable to grow on mud sandy soil.
In the development of a tourist destination, the important thing is interesting attractiveness because attractiveness is the key to tourism growth. An ecotourism area may attract many visitors because it offers products and services that meet visitor's need. There are some key factors of attractiveness that are accessibility, amenities, and infrastructure, having the potential to encourage people to visit and spend time at destination [6]. Meanwhile, stated that factors that constitute an attractive destination have mainly centered on a destination's accessibility, amenities and infrastructure [7]. This paper focuses on the potential attractiveness of ecotourism development in Karawang Regency with indicators of primary facilities, secondary facilities, conditional facilities, and accessibility.

Study area
The area studied in this study is a coastal village which has a large potential of mangrove forest. Based on data on the potential of mangrove forests that are widely spread across 8 villages in 5 sub-districts, namely Tambaksari Village in Tirtajaya District, Sedari Village is in Cibuaya District, Pusakajaya Utara Village is in Cilebar District, Sukajaya Village is in Cilamaya Kulon District and District Cilamaya Wetan has the villages of Sukakerta, Rawagempol Kulon, Muara Baru and Muara. The choice of this area is because it has a large mangrove forest, which has not been optimally developed, it is known because the available facilities are not yet complete to become a tourist spot and many people have not been involved in its development.

Data analysis
The analysis used in this research is descriptive spatial analysis. Spatial analysis is used to describe the differences and similarities potential of attraction development of mangrove ecotourism using the help of maps. Descriptive analysis to explain related results in the field.

Primary facilities
Primary facilities or tourist attractions are tourist objects that can stimulate the presence of tourists to a tourist destination [9]. Based on the results of the field survey, there are various site attractions, some are natural, and some are man-made. In addition to site attraction which is the main attraction, there are tourist attractions in the form of cultural activities called event attraction.
Based on the results of the interview, the customs in each village have in common, namely the socalled Nadran culture. The culture of "Nadran" is a ritual at sea which is carried out by all people in the

Secondary facilities
In developing ecotourism, secondary facilities are needed for tourists. Secondary facilities in this study include food stalls, homestay, and souvenir shops. Based on the results of field observations, the available secondary facilities are still incomplete, like tourist attractions in general. Secondary facilities in the form of the homestay are located in Sukakerta Village. Secondary facilities in the form of food stalls are found in all villages and mostly in Sukakerta Village. The completeness of secondary facilities can be seen in table 2 and figure 1.      and only available in a small number. Meanwhile, villages that are classified as attractive have quite varied numbers of attractions. Secondary and conditional facilities are almost complete but with a limited number. So it can be said that it is still able to meet the needs of tourists who come and tourist facilities are quite complete but still in small numbers. Accessibility to the mangrove location with indicators of distance and travel time from the capital is not an effect because each village has the same distance and travel time. Table 5. Recapitulation of the potential value of attraction for mangrove ecotourism development in karawang regency