User requirement and prototype design of radio streaming using mind map model for “Forum Diskusi Radio Ponorogo” association

Forum Diskusi Radio Ponorogo (FDRP) is an association with consist of four radio station. Namely is Duta Nusantara FM, Suara Gontor FM, Romansa FM, and Songgolangit FM. Nowadays, FDRP as a terrestrial radio has some problem, and the first problem is to broadcast signal because the area is limited covered. The second problem is the listener are turning from traditional broadcasting to smartphone radio streaming, either using mobile apps or a website. To sustain this radio industry, they must switch to streaming radio via internet. This research aims to explore the need for building the radio streaming to expand the reach of radio broadcast and to design radio streaming media as a collaborative convergence movement. This study uses a mind map model by conducting observations, interviews and discussions to identify initial user needs and prototype techniques to determine the needs of streaming radio applications. This research produces a list of collaboration needs in maintaining the existence of the radio industry in Ponorogo and a prototype design of streaming media for a collaborative radio. For further research, it is hoped can be continued at the stage of making media and implementing streaming radio.


Introduction
Forum Diskusi Radio Ponorogo (FDRP) is an association of four terrestrial private radio stations in Ponorogo which was founded in 2018. The radio forum consists of Romansa FM, Duta Nusantara FM, Suara Gontor FM and Songgolangit FM. It is hoped that the four radios in its development FDRP can also embrace community radios in Ponorogo [1]. The forum was formed because of concerns over the declining growth of the radio industry in Ponorogo. As chairman of the association, Muhammad Zahrul Asyhary invites FDRP members to start to realize that trying to defend themselves in this digital era cannot be done alone. Even though on the other hand, they are competing, they are aware that the radio industry cannot provide hope for a future life if it is not managed with collaboration [2]. This research was initiated by Asy'ari, who stated that in Ponorogo only 47% had listened to the radio in the last month. The remaining 23% listened to the radio more than two months ago, and 31% listened to the radio more than a year ago [3]. To solve it, the radio industry in a local area such as Ponorogo, it is not enough to assist one radio to another radio, a collective movement is needed, namely by mobilizing all radio in Ponorogo to stimulate the industry. The FDRP association is the only radio association in Ponorogo, but it seems they do not know what to do. Because in addition to being relatively recently formed, members are busy turning on their radio and a lack of understanding of the stages of media convergence. But at least, this association has committed capital to save the radio industry in Ponorogo [4] jointly.
One of the FDRP Association is work programs is to create a network radio broadcast program in Ponorogo. This broadcast program allows each radio to convey information by the core and peculiarities of each communication in the same broadcast program. It is hoped that this program can attract public attention to listen to the radio as has been successfully implemented by Suara Surabaya FM (SSFM) radio by distributing all content of conventional radio broadcasts to all new media-based channels owned. [4]. Besides, the FDRP Association is programmed to have a website and social media as promotional media. However, the obstacle is the absence of assigned human resources and the low economic capacity of the FDRP Association members.
As researchers who are concerned about the radio industry, our study program of communication science and informatics engineering, University of Darussalam Gontor has the idea of carrying out community service. This community service is undoubtedly based on the basic knowledge that we have. Mind maps, developed by Tony Buzan as a note-taking technique, are applications that have the power to reveal the thoughts the brain has about a subject from multiple points of view and that activate the right and left lobes of the brain together as an alternative to linear thinking [5]. Mind mapping techniques can improve EFL students' writing skills, increase cohesion, and coherence; paragraph structure of content, and length of writing [6]. Mind map models can make students remember their background knowledge and focus on reading [7]. The Mind Mapping learning method can be used to improve student performance in the Web Programming course [8].This study aims to expand radio broadcasts from traditional models to mobile streaming and design a streaming media for media radio convergence collaboration.

Methods
This study uses a mind map model step, with the first stage exploring the FDRP needs with the researcher. While the second stage is making a streaming radio prototype, as shown in Figure 1. In the first stage, the researcher's user requirements were to trace necessary information from the four radios that were members of the FDRP. The second stage was interviews with FDRP members. It is used to ensure the accuracy of the information that has been obtained. The interview stage, use as well as to deepen knowledge directly from radio managers. In the third stage, our team, members of the FDRP, consulted with experts who had applied the established streaming radio concept. Namely, Suara Surabaya FM (SSFM) with Errol Jonathan as President Director and Bagoes Ardhijanto as Engineering Manager.

Result
The results of tracing data collected by researchers to FDRP members are shown in Table 1 via internet media. At this stage, two radios that already have streaming servers but poor quality belong to Suara Gontor FM and with good quality, namely Songgolangit FM radio. Apart from that, only two receivers have personal websites, namely Duta Nusantara and Songgolangit. The results of extracting more in-depth information obtained directly through interviews with FDRP members are shown in Table 2. At this stage, the brand position of each radio becomes clearer. Another finding is that most of the revenue is advertisements on terrestrial radio. All receivers also have social media. The most crucial outcome was the radio manager's understanding of radio streaming from the three weak radio categories. The most important thing that underlies the creation of this streaming radio is the two radios that had their licenses revoked because they were unable to pay the annual fee. The third stage is to discuss the problems that have been found in the interview stage to consult with experts from SSFM. Starting from the socialization from the SSFM Engineering Manager explaining things about radio streaming channels so that the minimum needs and problems felt by each radio can be known the technical manager's explanation the radio streaming works is shown in detail in Figure 2. Each receiver is allowed to listen to the process required to start streaming radio, starting from broadcasting in the studio to the listener's ears.   Table 3 shows the investigative steps of the SSFM Engineering Manager in detecting deficiencies of each FDRP radio. The information presented shows that the urgent problem of each receiver is first, the availability of bandwidth in terms of asymmetric ISPs. It means that the upload and download speeds are 1: 4. It will slow down the process of uploading broadcast sound from the streaming computer to the live streaming server, so it has a longer delay. The second problem is in terms of user analysis. The suitability of the music arrangement elements It needs to be improved and provide more music according to each radio branding 7 Special advice