Colonic Carcinoma Diagnosis using Chitosan Nanoparticles Based on the Optical Properties.

Medical diagnosis using optical techniques and contrast agents is a promising method where it is safe and unexpansive technique. Every tissue can be distinguished by its optical absorption and scattering properties that are related to many physiological changes and it is a sign for cancerous cells. Characterizing the light propagation in the human tissues is a vital issue in early cancer diagnosis for more effective therapeutic. In this work, the glowing effect of chitosan nanoparticles has been observed. Also, the light propagation in each of colon cancer (Caco-2 cell line) and normal cells (WI-38 cell line) at 650 nm and 808 nm in the absence and in the presence of chitosan nanoparticles was studied to study its effect in differentiate the cancer cells from the normal cells. Chitosan nanoparticles were characterized by the dynamic light scattering and transmission electronic Microscope (TEM). A Monte-Carlo simulation model was applied to obtain spatially resolved steady state diffuse reflectance measurements for each of the examined cells. Furthermore, the optical fluence rate distribution at the tissue surface were used to reconstruct the image using the diffuse equation using the finite element method. Chitosan nanoparticles appeared its glowing effect. The proposed diffuse reflectance curves and fluence rate images show different features regarding for each of Caco-2 cell line and WI-38 cell line that promises to be effective in medical diagnosis.