Discovery of Spectroscopic Variations in the DAB White Dwarf GD 323

We report the discovery of spectroscopic variations in GD 323, the prototypical DAB white dwarf. Simultaneous optical spectroscopic observations over five consecutive nights of GD 323 and PG 1234+482, a nonvariable comparison DA white dwarf of similar brightness, are used to reveal quasi-periodic variations in both the hydrogen and helium absorption lines over a timescale of hours. The amplitude of the variation of the equivalent width of Hβ is ~30%. Moreover, the strength of the hydrogen lines is shown to vary in opposite phase from that of He I λ4471. These results suggest that the model currently thought to be the most viable to account for the simultaneous presence of hydrogen and helium lines in GD 323, namely, a static stratified atmosphere, may need to be reexamined. Instead, a model with an inhomogeneous surface composition, resulting perhaps from the dilution of a thin hydrogen atmosphere with the underlying helium convection zone, may be a better representation of GD 323. The observed variation timescale of ~3.5 hr is consistent with the slow rotation rate of white dwarf stars.