The Hubble Higher z Supernova Search: Supernovae to z ≈ 1.6 and Constraints on Type Ia Progenitor Models*

Louis-Gregory Strolger; Adam G. Riess; Tomas Dahlen; Mario Livio; Nino Panagia; Peter Challis; John L. Tonry; Alexei V. Filippenko; Ryan Chornock; Henry Ferguson; Anton Koekemoer; Bahram Mobasher; Mark Dickinson; Mauro Giavalisco; Stefano Casertano; Richard Hook; Stephane Bondin; Bruno Leibundgut; Mario Nonino; Piero Rosati; Hyron Spinrad; Charles C. Steidel; Daniel Stern; Peter M. Garnavich; Thomas Matheson; Norman Grogin; Ann Hornschemeier; Claudia Kretchmer; Victoria G. Laidler; Kyoungsoo Lee; Ray Lucas; Duilia de Mello; Leonidas A. Moustakas; Swara Ravindranath; Marin Richardson; Edward Taylor

doi:10.1086/422901

The Hubble Higher z Supernova Search: Supernovae to z ≈ 1.6 and Constraints on Type Ia Progenitor Models^*

Louis-Gregory Strolger¹, Adam G. Riess¹, Tomas Dahlen¹, Mario Livio¹, Nino Panagia^1,2, Peter Challis³, John L. Tonry⁴, Alexei V. Filippenko⁵, Ryan Chornock⁵, Henry Ferguson¹, Anton Koekemoer¹, Bahram Mobasher^1,2, Mark Dickinson¹, Mauro Giavalisco¹, Stefano Casertano¹, Richard Hook¹, Stephane Bondin⁶, Bruno Leibundgut⁶, Mario Nonino⁷, Piero Rosati⁶, Hyron Spinrad⁵, Charles C. Steidel⁸, Daniel Stern⁹, Peter M. Garnavich¹⁰, Thomas Matheson³, Norman Grogin¹¹, Ann Hornschemeier¹¹, Claudia Kretchmer¹¹, Victoria G. Laidler¹², Kyoungsoo Lee¹¹, Ray Lucas¹, Duilia de Mello¹¹, Leonidas A. Moustakas¹, Swara Ravindranath¹, Marin Richardson¹, and Edward Taylor¹³

© 2004. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. Printed in U.S.A.
The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 613, Number 1 Citation Louis-Gregory Strolger et al 2004 ApJ 613 200 DOI 10.1086/422901

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This article is corrected by 2005 ApJ 635 1370

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Author affiliations

¹ Space Telescope Science Institute, 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218

² Affiliated with the Space Telescope Division of the European Space Agency, ESTEC, Noordwijk, Netherlands

³ Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138

⁴ Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawaii, 2680 Woodlawn Drive, Honolulu, HI 96822

⁵ Department of Astronomy, University of California, 601 Campbell Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720-3411

⁶ European Southern Observatory, Karl-Schwarzschild-Strasse 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany

⁷ INAF, Astronomical Observatory of Trieste, Via Tiepolo 11, 34131 Trieste, Italy

⁸ Department of Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, MS 105-24, Pasadena, CA 91125

⁹ Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, MS 169-506, Pasadena, CA 91109

¹⁰ University of Notre Dame, 225 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, IN 46556

¹¹ Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218

¹² Computer Sciences Corporation at Space Telescope Science Institute, 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218

¹³ School of Physics, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia

Dates

Received 2004 February 4
Accepted 2004 May 25

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Abstract

We present results from the Hubble Higher z Supernova Search, the first space-based open field survey for supernovae (SNe). In cooperation with the Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey, we have used the Hubble Space Telescope with the Advanced Camera for Surveys to cover ~300 arcmin² in the area of the Chandra Deep Field South and the Hubble Deep Field North on five separate search epochs (separated by ~45 day intervals) to a limiting magnitude of F850LP ≈ 26. These deep observations have allowed us to discover 42 SNe in the redshift range 0.2 < z < 1.6. As these data span a large range in redshift, they are ideal for testing the validity of Type Ia supernova progenitor models with the distribution of expected "delay times," from progenitor star formation to Type Ia SN explosion, and the SN rates these models predict. Through a Bayesian maximum likelihood test, we determine which delay-time models best reproduce the redshift distribution of SNe Ia discovered in this survey. We find that models that require a large fraction of "prompt" (less than 2 Gyr) SNe Ia poorly reproduce the observed redshift distribution and are rejected at greater than 95% confidence. We find that Gaussian models best fit the observed data for mean delay times in the range of 2-4 Gyr.

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Footnotes

*
Based on observations with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope, obtained at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by AURA, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-26555.

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