Your search for "Yao Guan-Xin" returned 12 results

The ultrafast carrier relaxation processes in CdTe quantum dots are investigated by femtosecond fluorescence up-conversion spectroscopy. Photo-excited hole relaxing to the edge of the forbidden gap takes a maximal time of ∼ 1.6 ps with exciting at 400 nm, depending on the state of the photo-excited hole. The shallow trapped states and deep trap states in the forbidden gap are confirmed for CdTe quantum dots. In addition, Auger relaxation of trapped carriers is observed to occur with a time constant of ∼ 5 ps. A schematic model of photodynamics is established based on the results of the spectroscopy studies. Our work demonstrates that femtosecond fluorescence up-conversion spectroscopy is a suitable and effective tool in studying the transportation and conversion dynamics of photon energy in a nanosystem.

A diagonalization scheme for the Rabi Hamiltonian, which describes a qubit interacting with a single-mode radiation field via a dipole interaction, is proposed. It is shown that the Rabi Hamiltonian can be solved almost exactly using a progressive scheme that involves a finite set of one variable polynomial equations. The scheme is especially efficient for the lower part of the spectrum. Some low-lying energy levels of the model with several sets of parameters are calculated and compared to those provided by the recently proposed generalized rotating-wave approximation and a full matrix diagonalization.

The present experimental work focuses on a new model for space—time correlation and the scale-dependencies of convection velocity and sweep velocity in turbulent boundary layer over a flat wall. A turbulent boundary layer flow at Re_θ = 2460 is measured by tomographic particle image velocimetry (tomographic PIV). It is demonstrated that arch, cane, and hairpin vortices are dominant in the logarithmic layer. Hairpins and hairpin packets are responsible for the elongated low-momentum zones observed in the instantaneous flow field. The conditionally-averaged coherent structures systemically illustrate the key roles of hairpin vortice in the turbulence dynamic events, such as ejection and sweep events and energy transport. The space—time correlations of instantaneous streamwise fluctuation velocity are calculated and confirm the new elliptic model for the space—time correlation instead of Taylor hypothesis. The convection velocities derived from the space—time correlation and conditionally-averaged method both suggest the scaling with the local mean velocity in the logarithmic layer. Convection velocity result based on Fourier decomposition (FD) shows stronger scale- dependency in the spanwise direction than in streamwise direction. Compared with FD, the proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) has a distinct distribution of convection velocity for the large- and small-scales which are separated in light of their contributions of turbulent kinetic energy.

The over-frequency generator-tripping and under-frequency load shedding devices play an important role as the third defensive line for frequency emergency control measures, which have a great significance for maintaining the power grid to operate safely and stably. At present, the abnormal operation frequency of hydropower generating units is mainly set based on the standard of the thermal power unit. Thus when the proportion of hydropower is too large, it can easily cause over-frequency generator tripping and under-frequency load shedding devices act one after the other, which may causes the frequency collapse. In this paper, an over-frequency cutting scheme for power grid with hydropower unit is formulated. The paper analyses and summarizes the over-frequency protection of the hydropower unit, by studying the 10 machine 39 node model with PSD-BPA software. The paper also gives a reasonable frequency action value of the high frequency cutting machine. The results show that the first-round operation value of the high-frequency cutting device of the hydropower unit should be higher than the operation value of the thermal power unit. With the first-round operation value of the high-frequency cutting device set near 52.0Hz, it can effectively avoid both of the over-frequency generator tripping and the under-frequency load shedding device, and also ensure the safety and stability of the power grid. In the hydro-thermal power grid, because of the frequency of hydropower unit cuts increasing, the power grid should remove the thermal power unit firstly, which is more beneficial for the power system frequency to stabilize rapidly.

Discovery of pulsars is one of the main goals for large radio telescopes. The Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST), that incorporates an L-band 19-beam receiver with a system temperature of about 20 K, is the most sensitive radio telescope utilized for discovering pulsars. We designed the snapshot observation mode for a FAST key science project, the Galactic Plane Pulsar Snapshot (GPPS) survey, in which every four nearby pointings can observe a cover of a sky patch of 0.1575 square degrees through beam-switching of the L-band 19-beam receiver. The integration time for each pointing is 300 seconds so that the GPPS observations for a cover can be made in 21 minutes. The goal of the GPPS survey is to discover pulsars within the Galactic latitude of ± 10° from the Galactic plane, and the highest priority is given to the inner Galaxy within ± 5°. Up to now, the GPPS survey has discovered 201 pulsars, including currently the faintest pulsars which cannot be detected by other telescopes, pulsars with extremely high dispersion measures (DMs) which challenge the currently widely used models for the Galactic electron density distribution, pulsars coincident with supernova remnants, 40 millisecond pulsars, 16 binary pulsars, some nulling and mode-changing pulsars and rotating radio transients (RRATs). The follow-up observations for confirmation of new pulsars have polarization-signals recorded for polarization profiles of the pulsars. Re-detection of previously known pulsars in the survey data also leads to significant improvements in parameters for 64 pulsars. The GPPS survey discoveries are published and will be updated at http://zmtt.bao.ac.cn/GPPS/.

All-dielectric metasurface with ultra-high quality resonances underpinned by bound states in the continuum (BICs) have attracted lots of attention in recent years for they enable new methods of wavefront control and light focusing. We study a metasurface composed of one transverse nanohole (TNs) and two identical vertical nanoholes (VNs) in one lattice, which supports both symmetry-protected and accidental BICs (at-Γ and off-Γ BICs). Based on the destructive interference between the surface states from the TN element and the identical VNs element, two at-Γ BICs emerge, and they turn into quasi-BICs by rotating the electric field polarization direction of the incident plane wave from x to y. The off-Γ BICs come from destructive interference from different radiation channels, which are influenced by the in-plane structural parameters symmetry insignificantly. Two at-Γ BICs and one off-Γ BIC of the metasurface all have ultra-high Q-factors (exceeding 10⁶, 10⁴, and 10⁶, respectively), which means much in the application of biosensors. Especially, this nanostructure has outstanding ultra-slow light properties at BICs, with a group index about 10⁶, which underpin a new generation of flat-optics slow light devices.

Ultralong GaAs nanowires were grown by molecular beam epitaxy using the vapor–liquid–solid method. In this ultralong regime we show the existence of two features concerning the growth kinetic and the structural properties. Firstly, we observed a non-classical growth mode, where the axial growth rate is attenuated. Secondly, we observed structural defects at the surface of Wurtzite segments located at the bottom part of the nanowires. We explain these two phenomena as arising from a particular pathway of the group V species, specific to ultralong nanowires. Finally, the optical properties of such ultralong nanowires are studied by photoluminescence experiments.

Topological quantum states have attracted great attention both theoretically and experimentally. Here, we show that the momentum-space lattice allows us to couple two Su–Schrieffer–Heeger (SSH) chains with opposite dimerizations and staggered interleg hoppings. The coupled SSH chain is a four-band model which has sublattice symmetry similar to the SSH4. Interestingly, the topological edge states occupy two sublattices at the same time, which can be regarded as a one-dimension analogue of the type-II corner state. The analytical expressions of the edge states are also obtained by solving the eigenequations. Finally, we provide a possible experimental scheme to detect the topological winding number and corresponding edge states.

The Hall tube as a minimum model to simulate the integer quantum Hall effect is essential for exploring topological physics, while it has not been constructed in the recent developing successfully experiments on superconducting circuits. In this work, we propose a feasible experiment scheme using three legs superconducting circuits with transmon qubits to realize a Hall tube. Then we first investigate its topological properties. Since the time–reversal, particle–hole, and chiral symmetries are all broken for the system, the Hall tube belongs to the A class of the Altland–Zirnbauer classification. We obtain the corresponding topological phase transition both numerically and analytically. Since the chirality is a key character of the quantum Hall effect, we secondly investigate the chiral physics in the Hall tube. We find the topological protected chiral edge currents and discuss its robustness. Finally, we give the possible experimental observations of the topological state and topological protected chiral edge currents.

Advances in quantum technology may come from the discovery of new materials systems that improve the performance or allow for new functionality in electronic devices. Lead telluride (PbTe) is a member of the group IV–VI materials family that has significant untapped potential for exploration. Due to its high electron mobility, strong spin–orbit coupling and ultrahigh dielectric constant it can host few-electron quantum dots and ballistic quantum wires with opportunities for control of electron spins and other quantum degrees of freedom. Here, we report the fabrication of PbTe nanowires by molecular beam epitaxy. We achieve defect-free single crystalline PbTe with large aspect ratios up to 50 suitable for quantum devices. Furthermore, by fabricating a single nanowire field effect transistor, we attain bipolar transport, extract the bandgap and observe Fabry–Pérot oscillations of conductance, a signature of quasiballistic transmission.