Table of contents

1st International Conference on Environmental Engineering and Green Technology -ICEEGT'22 held during April 5 & 6, 2022. ICEEGT'22 is a meeting place for Environmental Engineering and Green Technology specialists from academia and industry.

The main purpose of the conference is to promote innovative research in environmental engineering and green technology. In addition, researchers, developers, engineers, students, and practitioners will be better able to share scientific knowledge. The annual conference will focus on environmental science and development, as well as other connected themes.

Yazhli Global Multidisciplinary Research Organization (YGMRO), Tamilnadu, India, and Mizan-Tepi University, Ethiopia, are co-hosting the conference. The summit was intended to provide a scholarly forum for the exploration of environmental issues, sustainable development, environmental food & agricultural and green technology.

List of Chief Patron, Patron, Chair, Editors, Steering Committee and Speakers are available in this pdf.

All papers published in this volume have been reviewed through processes administered by the Editors. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to the professional and scientific standards expected of a proceedings journal published by IOP Publishing.

• Type of peer review: Double Anonymous

• Conference submission management system: Morressier

• Number of submissions received: 92

• Number of submissions sent for review: 25

• Number of submissions accepted: 23

• Acceptance Rate (Submissions Accepted / Submissions Received × 100): 25

• Average number of reviews per paper: 2

• Total number of reviewers involved: 29

• Contact person for queries:

Name: Dr P Bhuvaneswari

Email: p.bhuvaneswari@ygmro.com

Affiliation: Research Head, Yazhli Global Multidisciplinary Research Organization, Tirupur, Tamilnadu, India

Nowadays, each of us spends more and more time indoors. The article focuses on research on thermal comfort in a traditional and sustainable building. A sustainable building is equipped with heat pumps, a wind turbine, solar collectors and photovoltaic cells. It also has mechanical ventilation, which helps to minimize energy consumption and lower carbon dioxide emissions. The research was carried out using two methods, anonymous questionnaires and the Testo 400 microclimate meter. Based on the conducted research, the thermal sensations of the subjects and their preferences as to the prevailing conditions in the examined buildings were determined. The study also made it possible to compare the PMV index calculated using the Fanger model with TSV (obtained on the basis of anonymous questionnaires).

This study aimed to implement community action-based project to help students apply knowledge of food security to the real world. The project had students involved in choosing a food security related topic, collecting data from a community, creating a data-driven action that is beneficial to the selected community, and reporting their work. To aid educators in successfully adopting a project-based learning approach in food security at undergraduate level, this manuscript explained the course framework, demonstrated students' works, discussed benefits and challenges when employing the community project in the course. The approach described here is applicable in other multidisciplinary fields.

Modern smart buildings are equipped with renewable energy systems and control units to optimise and minimise energy consumption. Thus, they enable to reduce CO₂ emissions and help protect the environment. In the article thermal and humidity sensations of students in the smart, modern building have been presented and discussed. The analyses were done in three lecture rooms, where students filled in questionnaires about how they felt. Simultaneously, indoor air parameters were measured (temperature, relative humidity, carbon dioxide level and etc.). The study enables to assess the thermal and humidity in the smart, modern building, where people tend to spend large amounts of time. Thus, the valuable data can be obtained regarding indoor environment and human responses there.

Environment protection is one of the important concerns for policymakers. In this paper, the author has investigated available literature and court decisions and found that Public Interest Litigation has been played a crucial role in Sustainable Environment Protection in India

Logistics refers to moving commodities from one location to another, typically from a manufacturing facility to a client. A logistics network is a collection of activities that include product creation, production, and distribution. Chain of custody Logistics are items that must be carried chilled from the manufacturing facility to the customer. Because of work with logistics networks, a secure networking model is required. This post will look at an intelligent secured networking model for determining the best route for cold chain logistics to a hospital setting. The best and shortest path between points A and B is found using the optimal pathfinder. It also takes traffic and transportation costs into account. Medicines and vaccines that must store at a specific temperature are part of the cold chain logistics for the hospital environment. As a result, path optimization is more important in cold chain logistics than in other types of logistics in the hospital environment. The Bee-Ant Optimization Algorithm (BAOA) is proposed in this study to perform intelligent transportation to a healthcare setting. The suggested approach is compared to the Ant Colony Optimization (ACO), Bee Colony Optimization (BCO), and Neural Network Model algorithms already in use. According to the data, the proposed algorithm has a 98.83% accuracy rate for delivering logistics to the hospital environment.

Majority of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are made up of huge sensor nodes with minimum cost, processing, communication capability and limited sensing. Because sensor nodes have limited resources, it's critical to enhance bandwidth utilization, network lifetime and minimize the data transmission. The term data aggregation defines the method of integrating the sensor data to minimize the data transmission. However, WSN-based healthcare applications face privacy, and security concerns. In this paper design of a Fire Bug Swarm Optimal Cluster-Based Data Aggregation (FSOCDA) in WSN has been presented which is a useful method for WSN to save energy and extend network lifetime. The efficient clustering is carried out using FSO, which is utilized to choose the CH from among various nodes in the cluster that serve as data aggregation nodes. By altering the network scale, the computational competence of the FSOCDA technique is compared to that of the non-aggregate approach. Further, the data aggregation method is helpful in healthcare applications in terms of data transferring from host hospital to other.

Soaps are used widely by humans in many aspects. Exclusively, the emergence of the SARS-Cov-2 virus made people wash their hands frequently to disinfect the virus to prevent virus infection. Soaps made of herbals possess constituents that goodness the skin as well to rejuvenate the mind and body factors. Dried leaves of Basil, Neem and Acalypha Indica, Aloe vera, and Hibiscus flower are used here to prepare homemade soap. The steam distillation process is an imperative process by which the oils are used from raw materials like dried leaves for the preparation of soaps. Extracts obtained from the herbal plants are used as additives in the preparation of soap that would be added besides the lye and other constituents. Lye preferred here is Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) and the cast shapes utilized here in determining the soap shape are Elliptic and Rectangle. pH value, the total fatty matter is determined using respective methodologies, and the materials used in the preparation of soap are estimated using the accessible software called SoapCalc Recipe Calculator. Soaps made using the mentioned ingredients are safe and robust for cleaning the skin and hands.

The rapid urbanization and economic growth have caused increase of plastic products globally. The least developed countries (LDCs) have been facing severe problems with solid waste due to lack of people's awareness, lack of skilled manpower to handle waste and necessary equipment to manage in sustainable manner. Nepal, a LDC in South Asia, lacks source segregation leading the maximum plastic items reaching to the landfill site. It is even difficult for the planning authorities to make effective plans for sustainable management of plastic waste due to lack of waste generation data. Nepal has made many rules and directives to ban plastic bags till date but has failed in its implementation. This study is the first of its kind to capture the perception of youths towards single use bags in Nepal. This study was conducted among 569 Nepalese youths of age between 18-40 years. A closed ended self-administered questionnaire was distributed among the respondents and responses were collected for three weeks. The questionnaire was prepared using google form and distributed via Facebook. A snowball method was used where the respondents were asked to share the questionnaire in their network. It was found that majority of Nepalese youths have been practicing the source segregation at their houses. The use of single use plastic is very common in Nepal with an individual using at least 208 plastic bags in a year. The gender and source segregation of waste was statistically significant with p-value of 0.02 (<0.05). The main reason of using plastic bags was its easy availability. There is lack of alterative to the plastic bags in Nepal. However, the youths are ready to support the government plastic ban policy and have asked the alternatives to the plastic bags. The result has shown that the Nepalese people have negative perception towards single use plastics and are in search of alternatives. The government need to implement heavy penalty for producing plastic bags greater than 30 micron and deploy tax with shop keepers and customer if found using it.

Increasing awareness and growing focus on environmental issues such as climate change, energy use, and the loss of non-renewable resources have created a great need for research that provides possible solutions to these problems. Environmental science and engineering research continue to play an important role in revealing new "green" future opportunities. Digital Image Processing plays a major role in contributing to its relevant research works under these Environmental and Green Technologies. By applying tools related to Environment technology this Digital Image Processing produces numerous applications. In such cases, Edges provide an important dynamic change in digital image processing. It is a process of finding and finding edges with sharp changes made by the power of its images. This is the best way to get an accurate edge in good shape and also different edge finders will work in better different conditions. Different methods of edge detection were compared comparatively to determine which method was most suitable for obtaining edges without any noise conditions. Here, the three types of edges have horizontal, vertical and diagonal edges. In this paper, we review the different editing methods and compare different identification methods, advantages, and disadvantages. Implementation is done using MATLAB. A sudden change of discontinuity is evident in the image.

The performance of the central solar receiver should be properly examined for an effective design of a solar power or solar heating system. The performance of solar receiver is affected by three parameters. These are the amount of solar radiations, the state of the heating medium and the temperature of the surrounding air. Also, while evaluating the performance of a solar receiver, the ambient weather conditions should be taken into account. As a result, when a large amount of direct light strikes a solar receiver, the power generated increases as well. In contrast, as the amount of direct light falling on the solar receiver diminishes, so does the amount of electricity generated. As a result, it is generally understood that on sunny days, the performance of the central solar receiver will be higher, while on overcast days, the performance will be reduced. The solar receiver collects heat from diffused or reflecting light (when the sun is obscured by clouds) and absorbs reflective light from glossy or light-colored surfaces. The experimental results reveal that solar radiation collection performance is dependent on climatic circumstances; thus, when installing a solar receiver, it should be suitable for the specific region depending on weather conditions.

Use of technology to accompany the treatment of obesity and exercise routine has become an ideal complement to carry historical data that are representative to measure the evolution of this disease. A bibliographic analysis of some studies was applied where it has successfully contributed to the use of APPs that are cornering the market because they not only measure the steps an individual takes, but also the calories consumed versus calories burned. APPs are a tool or support, but obesity is a complex disease that requires another type of support, not only an APP; Additionally, climate change affects food security, which causes the increase of this disease.

The ecological manpower administration is a process that also fully covered the Manpower administration procedures. eco-friendly manpower management is a major part of the profit creation and shortening the wastages in day-to-day business routines, as that concerns the scholar life to examine the relationships between the Green management and the financial movement of a firm. Most of the studies have some particular sets of factors that determine the functions of green human resource management. This study adds some specifications related to the financial outcomes by using or following ecological management practices. This is a conceptual study of the previous year's literature.

Food security is a right, but in poor countries such as Ecuador, it becomes a privilege because unemployment, the high cost of the basic family basket and the vital family basket limit access to nutritious food. Pearson's statistic was applied to determine if there is a correlation between the study variables, where it was obtained that there is a direct linear correlation between the percentage of undernourished people, GDP and unemployment in Ecuador of 0.28 and 0.31 respectively, and a direct inverse relationship with the value of the basic family food basket of -0.87; currently Ecuador has a 12.4% rate of undernutrition compared to its average for the period 2001-2009, which is due to the implementation of the School Food Program in 1999.

Global population growth rate accelerating earth ecosystem disturbance and increasing resource scarcity, malnutrition and poverty. These events challenge socio-economic development of each country and obligate scientific communities to develop such novel approaches to overcome this burden, which not only provide a healthy diet but also engage people in setting up their own business. Therefore, microalgae Spirulina is the one of the emerging food source with rich protein content and other nutritional components in adequate amount with diverse health benefits. The small scale investments in microalgae biomass production, familiarizing nutraceutical values and convert in consumable forms is the interesting agribusiness with diversified profits and popularization. Spirulina production strategies can be conventional and low-cost effective technologies. These techniques also help in designing new innovative possibilities in modifications and enhancements in the existing agriculture products processing strategies for their better use in different industries. Although most of communities are aware about agribusiness strategies of Spirulina but still it is in one the demanding and upcoming bright sector. This article reveals the methods of mass production of Spirulina and their significant role in agriculture as well as industrial.

Municipal markets are approximately 90 years old in Ecuador, although some of them have modern buildings, the process of organic solid waste has not changed. Object of study of this work is the municipal market "Las Manuelas" located in the province of Guayas in the canton of Durán. Organic solid wastes could be used for the elaboration of new biopolymers, so the objective of this research is to determine the environmental impact of the activities articulated to this process. The observation technique was applied to make the process flow diagram and the methodology of the matrix of importance of environmental impacts. Results obtained showed that the activity of preparation of vegetables and fruits within the municipal market presented the highest I with a value of -42, under these parameters the need to establish preventive actions that can contribute to the circular economy was manifested.

Nature's pollution is human created activity and human crosses the entire barrier to causing pollution and posing a high significant risk to health of all animals and also for plants. Plastics are the one of the major reason behind this. The high use of plastics material create high solid waste and this solid waste having no completely and fast degradation methods are available in nature. Their degradation also releases various harmful toxic substances which are harmful for environment. Various methods are available for treatment of plastic such as photo-oxidative degradation, thermal degradation, ozone-induced degradation, mechano-chemical degradation, catalytic degradation, and bio degradation. All these methods pose threat to the environment except the method of Biodegradation. Degradation of plastics using microbes are very eco-friendly degradation and causing no any side effect on nature. Termites are the major soil insect that are also capable to degrade plastics using their gut microbiota. Lot of microbial diversity present in termites gut but only few having potential to degrade plastics. In this review we mainly focus on the diversity of termites and their gut microbial fauna that having potential to degrade plastics and their different polymers.

The current research investigates the impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Indian Sustainable Investment. For this purpose, the study selected three sustainable indices, namely, BSE Greenex, BSE Carbonex, and BSE 100 ESG index of Bombay Stock Exchange of India. The Descriptive Statistics, ADF Test and GARCH (1,1) Model were used to found that all the sample sustainable indices were gained positive return with the high volatility throughout the COVID-19 Pandemic and the results confirmed that COVID-19 influenced the Indian sustainable investments.