Table of contents

A systematic comprehensive account is given of the methods and results of theoretical simulation of the dynamics of the processes of collective electromagnetic interaction in a nonequilibrium system formed by an electron beam and an undulator. The physical mechanisms of the phenomena responsible for the emission of stimulated (coherent) radiation are identified for specific nonequilibrium systems belonging to the class of free-electron lasers.

Peculiarities of fractal cluster growth in the gaseous phase are analysed. The effect of thermal and ionised particles on the structure of forming aggregates is considered. Special attention is paid to the analysis of experimental methods of generating fractal clusters. The role of charges and electric fields in the growth of fractal structures is demonstrated. The influence of the geometry of fractal objects on their aerodynamic, sorption, and kinetic characteristics is analysed on the basis of experimental data.

We use the translationally invariant Bogolyubov–Tyablikov method to propose a polaron theory. We present calculations of autolocalised electron states for different types of interaction. The structure of these states is shown to be strongly related to the structure and details of the local phonon spectrum. We calculate this spectrum in the strong-coupling limit. Applications of the large polaron model and possibilities of experimental tests are considered for the strong coupling. We generalise the Bogolyubov–Tyablikov treatment to the strongly coupled bipolaron and give criteria of the stability and formation of the bipolaron states.

This is a collection of topical hydrodynamic problems of different degrees of complexity, which are not ripe for mathematical modelling or for numerical calculations. Hints for obtaining solutions are given. Attention is concentrated on unexpected analogies between phenomena of different kinds and on establishment of new links between what are at first sight unrelated or isolated facts.

Some possibilities of studying real microscopic structures by X-ray kinetic techniques are considered. Taking variable-composition Pd-W alloys as examples, a comparative time dependence analysis of the X-ray diffraction pattern (i.e., of the intensity and width of diffraction maxima) is carried out for palladium–metal alloys relaxing after hydrogen saturation. It is shown that the dependences are of nonmonotonic — at some relaxation stages, of oscillatory — character. Analysis indicates that these dependences are due to the self-organisation effect operating during the diffusion evolution of an alloy structure having submicroscopic heterogeneity. The self-organisation mechanisms most likely for a system of local short-range order regions, hydrogen-containing clusters, defects, and hydrogen atoms are considered. Classes of materials allowing such phenomena are discussed.

On the basis of general phenomenological consideration the contradictions which often arise between different approaches to the electrodynamics of bounded media with spatial dispersion are shown to be a result of incorrect assumptions which have been made by its supporters. The important problems in the field of optics of bounded media with spatial dispersion are pointed out. The different methods of solution are discussed.

The ion implantation method is analysed from the point of view of its efficiency as a technique for doping silicon with donor and acceptor impurities, for synthesising silicon-based compounds and for producing gettering layers and optoelectronic structures. The introduction, agglomeration, and annealing of radiation-produced defects in ion-implanted silicon are considered. The role of interstitial defects in radiation-related defect formation is estimated. Mechanisms of athermal migration of silicon atoms in the silicon lattice are analysed.