Crashworthiness design of truck's cabin using topological and parametric optimization

In the given work the basic problems of search of optimum parameters of a cabin of the truck based on parametrical and topological optimization for the purpose of maintenance of requirements on crashworthiness under the international rules and reception of its minimum mass were considered. The article presents the developed finite element models of the cabin and drummer in relation to the optimization tasks, allowing to obtain results with acceptable accuracy and minimum time of solution when using LS-OPT and LS-TaSC programs with LS-DYNA solver. Steel linings and a foam filler are used to reinforce the cabin. In order to solve the problem and more fully assess the impact of parameters, several options were considered to refine the cabin. Topological optimization was carried out in order to obtain a picture of the best distribution of filler on the frame of the cabin. Parametric optimization was carried out by selection of filler properties (aluminium foam) and thickness of structural elements of the cabin. As a result, the passive safety requirements were achieved with optimal mass distribution as a result of combined use of linings and filler. The cabin's mass increase was 20%.