Analytical approaches for analysis of intracardiac bipolar electrograms during atrial fibrillation

Atrial fibrillation is the most common type of cardiac arrhythmias encountered in clinical practice, in which heart muscles shows chaotic atrial depolarization and uncoordinated contraction. Underlying mechanisms of atrial fibrillation are incompletely understood and widely discussed in the scientific community. The abnormal electrical discharges in atrial repolarization is associated with localized drivers and multiple wavefronts that support the asynchronous heart rhythm. In this paper, a briefly overview of conventional techniques focus on mapping drivers of myocardial fibrillation and their application are discussed. We also introduce a novel mapping algorithm which is aimed to identity features of wavefront propogation and analyze the relative changes of generalized instantaneous dominant frequency calculated from intracardiac recordings. Our clinical trials showed that proposed algorithm provides insightful and useful information about triggered abnormal activity during atrial fibrillation, that potentially can be used for catheter ablation therapy.