Abstract
Issue of energy is important because energy is one of economic foundation to support a nation. Indonesia have abundant resources of renewable energy and it can be used as friendly energy source. Innovations continue to be developed to find the right method about good quality and cheap of energy sources that is widely available in nature. Calcium carbonate powder of shellfish are the one of the environmentally friendly materials that are available in nature. In this study, calcium carbonate are used in aqueous solution of water-ethylene glycol fluid with a ratio of 40:60. The purpose of this study is to determine characteristics and hydrodynamic behavior of non-Newtonian calcium carbonate solution that is flowed in a small pipe. Concentration of powder was from varied 100 ppm, 300 ppm and 500 ppm on the base fluid, respectively. The test was performed on a circular pipe with 4 mm of inner diameter, horizontally. Pressure drop was determined between two different points in which there were high pressure and low pressure taps by different data acquisition. Changes of friction factor value become a parameter of the indicator to drag reduction. The highest drag reduction in transition flow is about 26.3 % for the 300 ppm concentration with Reynolds number is around 3000.
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