The positioning system of the ANTARES Neutrino Telescope

S Adrián-Martínez; M Ageron; J A Aguilar; I Al Samarai; A Albert; M André; M Anghinolfi; G Anton; S Anvar; M Ardid; A C Assis Jesus; T Astraatmadja; J -J Aubert; B Baret; S Basa; V Bertin; S Biagi; A Bigi; C Bigongiari; C Bogazzi; M Bou-Cabo; B Bouhou; M C Bouwhuis; J Brunner; J Busto; F Camarena; A Capone; C Cârloganu; G Carminati; J Carr; S Cecchini; Z Charif; Ph Charvis; T Chiarusi; M Circella; R Coniglione; H Costantini; P Coyle; C Curtil; G De Bonis; M P Decowski; I Dekeyser; A Deschamps; C Distefano; C Donzaud; D Dornic; Q Dorosti; D Drouhin; T Eberl; U Emanuele; A Enzenhöfer; J -P Ernenwein; S Escoffier; P Fermani; M Ferri; V Flaminio; F Folger; U Fritsch; J -L Fuda; S Galatà; P Gay; G Giacomelli; V Giordano; J P Gómez-González; K Graf; G Guillard; G Halladjian; G Hallewell; H van Haren; J Hartman; A J Heijboer; Y Hello; J J Hernández-Rey; B Herold; J Hößl; C C Hsu; M de Jong; M Kadler; O Kalekin; A Kappes; U Katz; O Kavatsyuk; P Keller; P Kooijman; C Kopper; A Kouchner; I Kreykenbohm; V Kulikovskiy; R Lahmann; P Lamare; G Larosa; D Lattuada; D Lefèvre; A Le Van Suu; G Lim; D Lo Presti; H Loehner; S Loucatos; S Mangano; M Marcelin; A Margiotta; J A Martínez-Mora; A Meli; T Montaruli; L Moscoso; H Motz; M Neff; E Nezri; V Niess; D Palioselitis; G E Păvălaş; K Payet; P Payre; J Petrovic; P Piattelli; N Picot-Clemente; V Popa; T Pradier; E Presani; C Racca; D Real; C Reed; G Riccobene; C Richardt; R Richter; C Rivière; A Robert; K Roensch; A Rostovtsev; J Ruiz-Rivas; M Rujoiu; G V Russo; F Salesa; D F E Samtleben; F Schöck; J -P Schuller; F Schüssler; T Seitz; R Shanidze; F Simeone; A Spies; M Spurio; J J M Steijger; Th Stolarczyk; A Sánchez-Losa; M Taiuti; C Tamburini; S Toscano; B Vallage; V Van Elewyck; G Vannoni; M Vecchi; P Vernin; S Wagner; G Wijnker; J Wilms; E de Wolf; H Yepes; D Zaborov; J D Zornoza; J Zúñiga

doi:10.1088/1748-0221/7/08/T08002

Journal of Instrumentation

The positioning system of the ANTARES Neutrino Telescope

S Adrián-Martínez¹, M Ageron³, J A Aguilar², I Al Samarai³, A Albert⁴, M André⁵, M Anghinolfi⁶, G Anton⁷, S Anvar⁸, M Ardid¹, A C Assis Jesus⁹, T Astraatmadja⁹, J -J Aubert³, B Baret¹⁰, S Basa¹¹, V Bertin³, S Biagi^12,13, A Bigi¹⁴, C Bigongiari², C Bogazzi⁹, M Bou-Cabo¹, B Bouhou¹⁰, M C Bouwhuis⁹, J Brunner³, J Busto³, F Camarena¹, A Capone^15,16, C Cârloganu¹⁷, G Carminati^12,13, J Carr³, S Cecchini¹², Z Charif³, Ph Charvis¹⁸, T Chiarusi¹², M Circella¹⁹, R Coniglione²¹, H Costantini^3,6, P Coyle³, C Curtil³, G De Bonis^15,16, M P Decowski⁹, I Dekeyser²⁰, A Deschamps¹⁸, C Distefano²¹, C Donzaud^10,22, D Dornic², Q Dorosti²³, D Drouhin⁴, T Eberl⁷, U Emanuele², A Enzenhöfer⁷, J -P Ernenwein³, S Escoffier³, P Fermani^15,16, M Ferri¹, V Flaminio^14,24, F Folger⁷, U Fritsch⁷, J -L Fuda²⁰, S Galatà³, P Gay¹⁷, G Giacomelli^12,13, V Giordano²¹, J P Gómez-González², K Graf⁷, G Guillard¹⁷, G Halladjian³, G Hallewell³, H van Haren²⁵, J Hartman⁹, A J Heijboer⁹, Y Hello¹⁸, J J Hernández-Rey², B Herold⁷, J Hößl⁷, C C Hsu⁹, M de Jong⁹, M Kadler²⁶, O Kalekin⁷, A Kappes⁷, U Katz⁷, O Kavatsyuk²³, P Keller³, P Kooijman^9,27,28, C Kopper^7,9, A Kouchner¹⁰, I Kreykenbohm²⁶, V Kulikovskiy^6,29, R Lahmann⁷, P Lamare⁸, G Larosa¹, D Lattuada²¹, D Lefèvre²⁰, A Le Van Suu³, G Lim^9,28, D Lo Presti^30,31, H Loehner²³, S Loucatos³², S Mangano², M Marcelin¹¹, A Margiotta^12,13, J A Martínez-Mora¹, A Meli⁷, T Montaruli^19,33, L Moscoso^10,32, H Motz⁷, M Neff⁷, E Nezri¹¹, V Niess¹⁷, D Palioselitis⁹, G E Păvălaş³⁴, K Payet³², P Payre³, J Petrovic⁹, P Piattelli²¹, N Picot-Clemente³, V Popa³⁴, T Pradier³⁵, E Presani⁹, C Racca⁴, D Real², C Reed⁹, G Riccobene²¹, C Richardt⁷, R Richter⁷, C Rivière³, A Robert²⁰, K Roensch⁷, A Rostovtsev³⁶, J Ruiz-Rivas², M Rujoiu³⁴, G V Russo^30,31, F Salesa², D F E Samtleben⁹, F Schöck⁷, J -P Schuller³², F Schüssler³², T Seitz⁷, R Shanidze⁷, F Simeone^15,16, A Spies⁷, M Spurio^12,13, J J M Steijger⁹, Th Stolarczyk³², A Sánchez-Losa², M Taiuti^6,37, C Tamburini²⁰, S Toscano², B Vallage³², V Van Elewyck¹⁰, G Vannoni³², M Vecchi³, P Vernin³², S Wagner⁷, G Wijnker⁹, J Wilms²⁶, E de Wolf^9,28, H Yepes², D Zaborov³⁶, J D Zornoza² and J Zúñiga²

Published 14 August 2012 • Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd
Journal of Instrumentation, Volume 7, August 2012 Citation S Adrián-Martínez et al 2012 JINST 7 T08002 DOI 10.1088/1748-0221/7/08/T08002

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¹ Institut d'Investigació per a la Gestió Integrada de les Zones Costaneres (IGIC), Universitat Politècnica de València, C/ Paranimf 1 , 46730 Gandia, Spain

² IFIC — Instituto de Física Corpuscular, Edificios Investigación de Paterna, CSIC — Universitat de València, Apdo. de Correos 22085, 46071 Valencia, Spain

³ CPPM, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS/IN2P3, Marseille, France

⁴ GRPHE — Institut universitaire de technologie de Colmar, 34 rue du Grillenbreit BP 50568 — 68008 Colmar, France

⁵ Technical University of Catalonia, Laboratory of Applied Bioacoustics, Rambla Exposició,08800 Vilanova i la Geltrú, Barcelona, Spain

⁶ INFN — Sezione di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, Italy

⁷ Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Erwin-Rommel-Str. 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany

⁸ Direction des Sciences de la Matière — Institut de recherche sur les lois fondamentales de l'Univers, Service d'Electronique des Détecteurs et d'Informatique, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France

⁹ Nikhef, Science Park, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

¹⁰ APC — Laboratoire AstroParticule et Cosmologie, UMR 7164 (CNRS, Université Paris 7 Diderot, CEA, Observatoire de Paris), 10, rue Alice Domon et Léonie Duquet 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France

¹¹ LAM — Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille, Pôle de l'Étoile Site de Château-Gombert, rue Frédéric Joliot-Curie 38, 13388 Marseille Cedex 13, France

¹² INFN — Sezione di Bologna, Viale Berti-Pichat 6/2, 40127 Bologna, Italy

¹³ Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università, Viale Berti Pichat 6/2, 40127 Bologna, Italy

¹⁴ INFN — Sezione di Pisa, Largo B. Pontecorvo 3, 56127 Pisa, Italy

¹⁵ INFN — Sezione di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy

¹⁶ Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università La Sapienza, P.le Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy

¹⁷ Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire, BP 10448, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France

¹⁸ Géoazur — Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, CNRS/INSU, IRD, Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, BP 48, 06235 Villefranche-sur-mer, France

¹⁹ INFN — Sezione di Bari, Via E. Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy

²⁰ COM — Centre d'Océanologie de Marseille, CNRS/INSU et Université de la Méditerranée, 163 Avenue de Luminy, Case 901, 13288 Marseille Cedex 9, France

²¹ INFN — Laboratori Nazionali del Sud (LNS), Via S. Sofia 62, 95123 Catania, Italy

²² Univ. Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France

²³ Kernfysisch Versneller Instituut (KVI), University of Groningen, Zernikelaan 25, 9747 AA Groningen, The Netherlands

²⁴ Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università, Largo B. Pontecorvo 3, 56127 Pisa, Italy

²⁵ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ), Landsdiep 4,1797 SZ 't Horntje (Texel), The Netherlands

²⁶ Dr. Remeis-Sternwarte and ECAP, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Sternwartstr. 7, 96049 Bamberg, Germany

²⁷ Universiteit Utrecht, Faculteit Betawetenschappen, Princetonplein 5, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands

²⁸ Universiteit van Amsterdam, Instituut voor Hoge-Energie Fysica, Science Park 105, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands

²⁹ Moscow State University,Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Leninskie gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia

³⁰ INFN — Sezione di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy

³¹ Dipartimento di Fisica ed Astronomia dell'Università, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy

³² Direction des Sciences de la Matière — Institut de recherche sur les lois fondamentales de l'Univers, Service de Physique des Particules, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France

³³ Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève, Switzerland

³⁴ Institute for Space Sciences, R-77125 Bucharest, Măgurele, Romania

³⁵ IPHC-Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien — Université de Strasbourg et CNRS/IN2P3, 23 rue du Loess, BP 28, 67037 Strasbourg Cedex 2, France

³⁶ ITEP — Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, B. Cheremushkinskaya 25, 117218 Moscow, Russia

³⁷ Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, Italy

Dates

Received 20 June 2012
Accepted 18 July 2012
Published 14 August 2012

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Abstract

The ANTARES neutrino telescope, located 40 km off the coast of Toulon in the Mediterranean Sea at a mooring depth of about 2475 m, consists of twelve detection lines equipped typically with 25 storeys. Every storey carries three optical modules that detect Cherenkov light induced by charged secondary particles (typically muons) coming from neutrino interactions. As these lines are flexible structures fixed to the sea bed and held taut by a buoy, sea currents cause the lines to move and the storeys to rotate. The knowledge of the position of the optical modules with a precision better than 10 cm is essential for a good reconstruction of particle tracks. In this paper the ANTARES positioning system is described. It consists of an acoustic positioning system, for distance triangulation, and a compass-tiltmeter system, for the measurement of the orientation and inclination of the storeys. Necessary corrections are discussed and the results of the detector alignment procedure are described.

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