Dosimetric impact of interplay effect in lung IMRT and VMAT treatment using in-house dynamic thorax phantom

The objective of this research was to determining of protein from connective tissue (protein) in the inner layer of organic and broiler chicken gizzard. The presence of collagens was observed by submersion with 0.1 M NaOH base pH 8 and without submersion. The physiochemical properties and characteristic of collagen from inner layer chicken gizzard such as FTIR spectra, element content, morphology and SDS-PAGE pattern were evaluated. FTIR spectrum in the sample without submersion shown collagen components had wave number that are in the range of wave number (3289-1078 cm^-1) bovine collagen. While, FTIR spectrum in the sample with submersion exhibited removal of molecular functional groups and decreasing intensity of infrared absorption. The element content and morphology of two samples indicated that the elements found in the samples were recognized as the elements generally found in proteins and had little structure at SEM micrograph. SDS-PAGE pattern demonstrated that collagen from inner layer chicken gizzard had >120 kDa on molecular unit weight indicating that type 1 collagen is a major component of inner layer chicken gizzard collagen. This study demonstrated the existence of collagen from exploited bio-waste to be an alternative possible source for collagen production.