Abstract
Doppler measurements from Subaru and Keck have revealed radial velocity variations in the V = 8.15, G0 IV star HD 149026 consistent with a Saturn-mass planet in a 2.8766 day orbit. Photometric observations at Fairborn Observatory have detected three complete transit events with depths of 0.003 mag at the predicted times of conjunction. HD 149026 is now the second-brightest star with a transiting extrasolar planet. The mass of the star, based on interpolation of stellar evolutionary models, is 1.3 ± 0.1 M☉; together with the Doppler amplitude K1 = 43.3 m s-1, we derive a planet mass M sin i = 0.36MJ and orbital radius 0.042 AU. HD 149026 is chromospherically inactive and metal-rich with spectroscopically derived [Fe/H] = +0.36, Teff = 6147 K, log g = 4.26, and v sin i = 6.0 km s-1. Based on Teff and the stellar luminosity of 2.72 L☉, we derive a stellar radius of 1.45 R☉. Modeling of the three photometric transits provides an orbital inclination of 85
3 ± 1
0 and (including the uncertainty in the stellar radius) a planet radius of (0.725 ± 0.05)RJ. Models for this planet mass and radius suggest the presence of a ~67 M⊕ core composed of elements heavier than hydrogen and helium. This substantial planet core would be difficult to construct by gravitational instability.
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Footnotes
- *
Based on data collected at the Subaru Telescope, which is operated by the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan.
- **
Based on observations obtained at the W. M. Keck Observatory, which is operated by the University of California and the California Institute of Technology. Keck time has been granted by NOAO and NASA.
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Dynamics and Disequilibrium Carbon Chemistry in Hot Jupiter Atmospheres, with Application to HD 209458b
Curtis S. Cooper and Adam P. Showman 2006 The Astrophysical Journal 649 1048 -
Resolving the Surfaces of Extrasolar Planets with Secondary Eclipse Light Curves
Peter K. G. Williams et al. 2006 The Astrophysical Journal 649 1020 -
A Transiting Planet of a Sun-like Star
P. R. McCullough et al. 2006 The Astrophysical Journal 648 1228 -
The First Extrasolar Planet Discovered with a New-Generation High-Throughput Doppler Instrument
Jian Ge et al. 2006 The Astrophysical Journal 648 683 -
Diffusive Migration of Low-Mass Protoplanets in Turbulent Disks
Eric T. Johnson et al. 2006 The Astrophysical Journal 647 1413 -
The N2K Consortium. VI. Doppler Shifts without Templates and Three New Short-Period Planets
John Asher Johnson et al. 2006 The Astrophysical Journal 647 600 -
Catalog of Nearby Exoplanets
R. P. Butler et al. 2006 The Astrophysical Journal 646 505 -
Rejecting Astrophysical False Positives from the TrES Transiting Planet Survey: The Example of GSC 03885–00829
Francis T. O'Donovan et al. 2006 The Astrophysical Journal 644 1237 -
Atmosphere, Interior, and Evolution of the Metal-rich Transiting Planet HD 149026b
J. J. Fortney et al. 2006 The Astrophysical Journal 642 495 -
The N2K Consortium. V. Identifying Very Metal-rich Stars with Low-Resolution Spectra: Finding Planet-Search Targets
Sarah E. Robinson et al. 2006 The Astrophysical Journal 637 1102 -
The N2K Consortium. III. Short-Period Planets Orbiting HD 149143 and HD 109749
Debra A. Fischer et al. 2006 The Astrophysical Journal 637 1094 -
Transit Photometry of the Core-dominated Planet HD 149026b
David Charbonneau et al. 2006 The Astrophysical Journal 636 445