Table of contents

List of Organizing Committee and Conference Photographs are avilable in this Pdf.

All papers published in this volume of IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science have been peer reviewed through processes administered by the proceedings Editors. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to the professional and scientific standards expected of a proceedings journal published by IOP Publishing.

The composition, state and properties of the dispersed technogenic soils of the sludge collectors' dikes at the Baikal pulp and paper mill (BPPM) have been studied using standard and specific methods. As a result, a specific technogenic formation has been defined, i.e. clayey pulverescent sands. The sands have been studied for the first time, the study concerning the sands' chemical and microelement composition and the toxicant pollution degree. It has been found that the sands are potentially running, have low plasticity due to the joint influence of the clayey and pulverescent fractions, and a capacity for physical-chemical activity. The examined wells have practically no dangerous zones of fluid consistency.

The article deals with the approaches to mapping the fractured zones in the lower Cambrian carbonate-haloid rocks within the Verkhnelensk neotectonic roof raise of the southeast periphery of the Siberian craton. The experimental data shows that broad–azimuth seismic prospecting (3D modification) makes it possible to map the fractured zones by a number of criteria including amplitude anomalies, no-coherence zones, spectral decomposition and scattered waves anomalies. In turn, near-field transient electromagnetic sounding (TEM) using the structural model based on the drilling and seismic prospecting data makes it possible to evaluate the reservoir's properties (i.e. electrical resistivity) and saturation type. Integration of the geophysical methods of different physical backgrounds increases the validity of the fractured zones allocation for the carbonate-haloid rocks in Eastern Siberia.

Based on the collected data on symbolism in the jewelry design at the turn of the 20^th century, two types of symbolism have been distinguished: traditional and non-traditional. The research focuses on the traditional and non-traditional symbolism techniques and the technology of audio-file visualization in the jewelry texture design using an enciphered message.

Acceleration of the liquid metal crystallization process by pouring the hot melt directly in the cooling liquid results in irregular shape casts. Analysis of the processes influencing brass and tin cast shaping, as well as determination of the required technological parameters allow obtaining quality imitation precious metal nuggets as promising jewelry design materials.

The development of East Siberia is accompanied by the urban population and infrastructure growth, which in turn, leads to an increase in the intensity of the technogenic impact on the geological environment (GE). One of the most unstable GE components is the underground hydrosphere. In hydrogeological terms, the research area is located within the Angara-Lena artesian basin. The sedimentary cover of the area has a block structure, which, along with the erosion network predetermines the formation of the current hydrogeological conditions. The article considers the key factors for evaluating the complex index of the hydrosphere stability. There are three groups distinguished: natural factors forming the stability margin, technogenic factors causing the underground hydrosphere evolution, and natural-technogenic factors reflecting the ongoing evolution. The article focuses on the first group concerning evaluation of the drainage degree and the model filtration cross-sections stability. Ecological-hydrogeological zoning of the areas under research based on the complex hydrosphere stability index allows us to mark out the sites where environmental measures are required to prohibit the urbanization negative impact.

The article presents the results of a petrochemical recalculation study of ore-bearing capacity of the Chuya anticlinorium granitoids in Baikal fold mountain area (BFMT). It is shown that the early Proterozoic granitoids of Kuanda and Chuya-Kodar complexes composing the anticlinorium core are not sufficiently studied in mineralogical terms and, according to the geological survey data (GSD), are identified as barren formations, while the geological maps of the research area mark the presence of different ore mineral resources, the contiguous zones being Bodaibo province (gold-bearing) and Mama province (muscovite-bearing). Based on the available chemical tests data, petrochemical ore-bearing capacity modules have been defined using the known techniques and original charts by Z.G. Karajeva and B.N. Permyakov. In the chart by Z.G. Karajeva, most of the test samples fall into the field of the modified leukocratonic granitoids being mother rocks for the molybdenum, wolfram and tin deposits of the silicate and polymetallic formations as well as for the mica-bearing and partially, rare metal pegmatites. In the classification by B.N. Permyakov, the favorable combination of the petrochemical modules observed for most of the test samples allows referring them to various types of the granitoid fields with tin-wolfram-molybdenum mineralization. The conclusion is that further study of the granitoids is necessary to evaluate the geological position of the potentially ore-bearing facies and their fraction in the examined complexes.

Jewelry materials and technologies used by the autochthonous tribes of East Siberia are described; regular growth in the number of the jewelry elements is examined in close connection to the new natural materials discovered and the process technology improving; the influence of the latter on the Siberian archetype formation in the modern jewelry design is illustrated by the cases of the Irkutsk artists at the turn of the 20^th century.

Based on the prior information on the White Tiger oilfield cross-section, an attempt has been made to apply synthetic simulation of the NTEM-sounding signals to predict the reservoir's saturation type and to evaluate the NTEM signals' response.

The paper considers the operating capacity issues for the BelAz-7540 dump trucks operating at the gravel deposits of the Far North of Russia (Mayat mine case, Almazy Anabara joint stock company). Based on the statistical data analysis, the study has defined the influence of the surrounding air on the trucks' operating capacity, as well as the components limiting the trucks' reliability and operating efficiency. A method of optimizing the technical maintenance-and-repair schedule has been suggested for reasons of increasing the trucks' operating efficiency.

A drilling tool is the most important and highly loaded element of a drill rod which determines the efficiency of blast hole drilling. To improve the design of separable drilling tools (SDT), it is required to have complete information on the loads acting on bit elements. The stress-strain state of a separable cutting rotary bit (DRDF-244.5-2) was studied in ANSYS using finite-element modeling technology. Calculations were performed under maximum drilling machine and borehole bottom loads which were unevenly distributed. The article presents distribution results for fields of equivalent stresses occurring in the bit body, rotation axes and tooth-disk mills with double-row carbide cutting structures. The performance of bits under various operating conditions is analyzed.

The need for prompt reduction of mining cost for development of placer deposits was substantiated. The cost structure for mining and processing of minerals was analyzed. A high share of the diesel fuel consumption cost (about 40%) in the total cost was identified. A share of fuel consumption cost for various mining machines (bulldozers, excavators, loaders, dump trucks) is rather stable. Results of photo-chasing fuel consumption observations for a placer deposit in Magadan oblast were compared with reference data. Based on the comparison data, it was recommended to account for an adjustment factor depending on the type of mining machines. Due to high complexity of machine-hour calculation, it was recommended to assess performance of mining operations with regard to diesel fuel consumption. The article compares two options for sand transportation to a washing plant. Their performance was assessed based on a diesel fuel consumption criterion.

The article deals with methods for calculation of the maximum metal consumption loss for an impeller of centrifugal pumps used in the mining and processing industry. According to parametric tests of a centrifugal single-stage pump and shaft strength calculation, the authors developed an empirical formula which can be used for calculation of the maximum metal consumption loss for a ground pump impeller.

The article highlights directions for improving placer deposit mining using dredges. Conditions for the use of dredging mining systems were analyzed. The existing technique for selecting dredging methods was described. Overburden, mining and disturbed land reclamation methods applied for longitudinal pillar and adjacent systems were analyzed. Relationships between overburden and mining parameters and reclamation indicators were revealed. Technical and economic assessment for various mining methods was performed. The article suggested accounting for overburden and reclamation indicators with regard to their sequence when justifying placer deposit mining methods.

The development of the vein gold deposits in Russia results in the growing output of the underground ore extraction. The deposits' mining and geological conditions are aggravated by the increase of the mining depth (over 1,000 m) that causes a rise in the rock pressure manifested both in a static and dynamic form. This in turn leads to abrupt destruction of the rock bodies, which complicates the mining process and increases the production costs. In this connection, the federal code of field development practice requires research on the rock body's geo-mechanical state, and the corresponding geo-dynamic zoning. However, the practice shows that it is not always possible to detect the high-stress zones hazardous in terms of dynamic rock pressure manifestation [1]. The paper describes the study of the rock body's geo-mechanical state in the zone of the rock discharge from a raise at the Irokinda gold deposit. The study has defined the conditions under which the rock stress exceeds the alarm pressure level, as well as the additional factors causing a rise in the rock body stress on the workings' contour. The consideration of the above factors significantly enhances the validity of the geo-dynamic zoning prediction for the mine field rocks.

The dredging method used for alluvial deposits was analyzed. A sufficient amount of dredge reserves in the Russian Federation was emphasized. Factors preventing dredging from development were identified. The article identified the current trend to convert dredging reserves into the reserves for open selective mining with lower productivity and higher production costs. The article provide data on a deep placer site which can be mined using different methods. Various options for complex mechanization schemes which can be used for mining this site were described. According to economic criteria, the use of the open selective mining method with excavation of the most enriched sands was justified.

The article studies kinetic laws regulatingthiocyanateoxidation in direct photolysis and in combined iron-persulfate oxidation systems using quasi-solar (simulated) xenon lampradiation. The influence of the main factors (pH, reaction medium temperature, characteristics of the catalyst, exposure time) on photochemical thiocyanate oxidation efficiency was identified. A conversion degree and initial thiocyanate oxidation speed in the oxidation systems under study change in the {UV/PS/Fe³⁺} ˃ {UV/PS/Fe²⁺}˃{PS/Fe³⁺} ˃{ PS/Fe²⁺} ˃{ UV/PS/Fe⁰} ˃ { PS/Fe⁰} ˃˃{ UV/PS} system.

In the paper, we compared the dynamics of the carcinogenic benzo(a) pyrene content in the atmospheric air of cities and the rates of forest fires in the territory of the Irkutsk region for the period 1987-2015. We found positive linear dependencies between the mean concentrations of benzo(a)pyrene in the atmosphere and the intensity of fires. It was shown that the accuracy of correlations is higher for the last 10-15 years, which may indicate an increase in the contribution of wildfires to atmospheric pollution as compared to other sources.

Heavy metal pollution of the environment is an increasingly important issue because heavy metals of both natural and technogenic origin are highly toxic and non-degradable substances. Extracting heavy metals from industrial solutions using carbon sorbents is one of the promising and effective methods providing complete extraction of the pollutants. The paper describes the research on the potential use of the modified activated carbon obtained from brown coal as a sorbent for mercury extraction. The adsorption capacity of the modified ABG (activated brown granular) sorbent has been defined for a solution with the initial ion concentration of 5-15 mg/dm³ in static conditions. Isotherms have been plotted for the initial (ABG) and modified (ABG-M) sorbents. The maximum adsorption capacity of ABG-M has been defined as 21.5 mg/g, which is 1.6 times that of ABG. The use of modified carbon sorbents in extracting heavy metals from waste waters and technogenic formations helps to achieve a high degree of purification without any additional chemical agents polluting the environment.

The problem of oil sludge is considered to be serious in the regions of oil and gas production, since it migrates and transforms when in contact with the environment. In this article, we considered the amount of oil sludge produced in the fields of the Irkutsk region and methods of its disposal using the example of the three most promising fields in Eastern Siberia: Yarakta, Markovo and Dulisma fields. We considered the ways of oil sludge disposal and treatment in these fields, fees for the drilling waste produced and made a comparative assessment of the waste produced.

Innovative industrial waste-based lubricants are analyzed. The lubricants based on spent diesel oil, low molecular weight polyethylene, polysulfide polymers and petroleum coke can reduce the cost of lubricants without reducing their technological characteristics. Polysulfide polymers synthesis from trichloropropane is described. Efficiency of the proposed lubricant is higher in comparison with pure spent diesel oil or spent diesel oil with addition of graphite.

Rail lubricants were produced using sulfur containing industrial waste. The study proved benefits of several methods for production of sulfur-containing polymers. The use of alkali polysulfides allows production of compounds with a high sulfur content which can be used in lubricating compositions.

In this paper, we presented the results of the silicon production dust waste studies. We also estimated the expected efficiency and, as a result of its calculation, the reduction in fees for the disposal of man-made raw materials of hazard class 4 at Kremny CJSC, when used in the composition of the gas cleaning dust batch, could reach 743,772.17 rubles/year. The paper substantiates the necessity to use the method of batch material pelletizing based on man-made raw materials.

The research shows the importance of geoinformation environmental mapping for the purpose of evaluating the landscape environmental state and dynamics. The current state of landscape environmental mapping, as well as the principles of landscape boundary mapping, has been studied, and the methodology of geoinformation environmental mapping for the purposes of the landscape modification study has been developed. The position of the landscape environmental maps within the classification system of complex environmental maps has been defined with reference to their readiness degree, purpose and interrelationship in the conventional system of geographical maps.

The paper considers the technologies of the drilling sludge industrial utilization. Deep-well drilling for oil and gas extraction results in wastes in the form of sludge that is hazardous for the environment. The research aim is to study the existing technologies for working the drilling wastes into salvage that can be used in construction and road building at the oil and gas fields.

Principles, procedure and results of the subject mapping and morphodynamic analysis of the influence zone of Irkutsk water storage basin are described based on the morphosystem concept, remote sensing data and geoinformation mapping technologies.

The article is devoted to discussing the possibility of secondary use of building materials in the framework of the residential buildings renovation program. The viability of processing construction materials in contrast to their disposal at landfills is shown. A comparative analysis of prices for secondary building materials and their equivalents is carried out.

With the account of the accumulated environmental damage caused by the mining processing industrial wastes in the country, there is an urgent need in developing a concept for eliminating the related social and ecological consequences. The article presents the research of the sorption properties of the soil in Svirsk that has been long subject to the arsenic wastes pollution. As a result, the ground sorption capacity has been defined for different occurrence depth grounds. It has been found that the ground of 2 to 9 m thick is an important geological lock preventing arsenic and heavy metal penetration in the underlying aquifers. A remediation method for the soils polluted with arsenic and heavy metals has been suggested, which uses an organic-mineral complex developed by Irkutsk National Research and Technical University (INRTU). While interacting with the toxicants, the complex increases the toxicants mobility, facilitating their transfer from the hard soil into the liquid phase and further migration along the soil profile in the form of organic complexes, fine-dispersed suspension and sparingly soluble salts, being absorbed by the clay lock.

In this article, we considered a comparative assessment of man-made risks at coal mining enterprises in the Irkutsk region. We carried out an assessment of the man-made risk components: occupational risks, using three different methods, and environmental risks, taking into account the index of air pollution and specific indicators of environmental and economic damage to the environment. We also identified a high-risk enterprise and proposed measures to eliminate the main man-made risks components.

Magnesium silicate waste from the mining industry occurs in substantial volumes and is almost never used. This paper outlines that the waste can be used as a mineral additive in the production of Portland cement. The influence of the quantity of troctolite additive and the specific surface area on the mechanical properties of cements has been analyzed. The technological parameters in cement production with mineral additive are determined. The study also found that the introduction of troctolite in quantity of 25 % at a specific surface area of 450 kg/m2 leads to improved strength characteristics of cement compositions. The use of magnesium silicate waste in cement production can reduce the environmental impact of cement manufacturing by reducing the consumption of natural resources, electricity and by decreasing of carbon dioxide and dust emissions. The study concluded that it will also help to solve environmental problems of mining industry.

In the article, we carried out a comparative assessment of emergency risks of mining enterprises in the Baikal region. We analyzed the probabilities of major emergencies by means of the incident tree. We also evaluated the consequences of the impact caused by damage effects of emergency situations, and offered key measures to reduce the levels of emergency risks.

The article deals with methods for elimination of nitrate ions in the cathode processes of biofuel cells. BFCs based on Micrococcus luteus (1-i) isolated from activated sludge of wastewater treatment facilities of Angarsk Petrochemical Plant (Angarsk, Russia) were more efficient under substitution of oxygen (the most typical acceptor of electrons in the BFC technology) with nitrate. During the 97-hour experiment, power values of the oxygen-based BFC reached 113 ± 49 uW, while for the nitrate-based BFC, the value was 450 ± 19 uW. Energy production was accompanied by nitrate reduction in the BFC catholyte.

Eastern Siberia is Russia's most promising region as a potential high-capacity oil-and-gas source of the country. Its territory includes large provinces that are promising in terms of oil and gas reserves. Opening-out of the oil and gas deposits is restrained by the deposits' complex geological structure hindering the hole-making. This includes: saliferous deposits, abnormally high rock pressure in the intervals containing highly mineralized waters, unstable caving-in clay rocks, etc. Many of these problems can be solved using highly-mineralized Siberian brines occurring all over the Siberian craton, one of the largest world's hydro-mineral provinces. The paper deals with the research on the preparation of weighted and hydrogel-magnesium drilling muds based on the salt from the Znamensk deposit brine. The muds have been processed with Flo-Vis Plus biopolymer and Flo-Trol starch that have a wide-range resistance to high mineralization. The mud weighting has been done with barite and hematite. Based on the Znamensk deposit brine, hydrogel-magnesium drilling muds have been prepared. The research shows that the fluid-loss reducing agents (i.e. Sul-facell and Camcell) should be infused as a 5% solution because they are fixed in the hydrogels when in a dry state. Samples 7 and 8 are not recommended as stabilizers because the solutions have high filtration and viscosity values. The use of the brine helps to prevent cavernosity and salt-bearing rocks' solubility as well as to prevent the complications connected with the brine recrystallization in the reservoirs and on the surface of the drill tool.

Due to complex development of natural resources, the use of phlogopites and phlogopite waste for producing electrical heating elements is of great interest.