Quick search Find article
Quick search
Find article

A path integral formula with applications to quantum random walks in Zd

Wei-Shih Yang1, Chaobin Liu2 and Kai Zhang1

Show affiliations


We consider general quantum random walks in a d-dimensional half-space. We first obtain a path integral formula for general quantum random walks in a d-dimensional space. Our path integral formula is valid for general quantum random walks on Cayley graphs as well. Then the path integral formula is applied to obtain the scaling limit of the exit distribution, the expectation of exit time and the asymptotic behaviour of the exit probabilities, for general quantum random walks in a half-space under some conditions on amplitude functions. The conditions are shown to be satisfied by both the Hadamard and Grover quantum random walks in two-dimensional half-spaces. For the two-dimensional case, we show that the critical exponent for the scaling limit of the hitting distribution is 1 as the lattice spacing tends to zero, i.e. the natural magnitude of the hitting position is of order O(1) if the lattice spacing is set to be 1/n. We also show that the rate of convergence of the total hitting probability has lower bound n−2 and upper bound n−2+epsilon for any epsilon > 0. For a quantum random walk with a fixed starting point, we show that the probability of hitting times at the hyperplane decays faster than that of the classical random walk. In both one and two dimensions, given the event of a hit, the conditional expectation of hitting times is finite, in contrast to being infinite for the classical case. In the one-dimensional case, we also obtain an exact order of the probability distribution of the hitting time at 0.


PACS

03.65.Db Functional analytical methods

02.10.Ox Combinatorics; graph theory

05.50.+q Lattice theory and statistics (Ising, Potts, etc.)

05.40.Fb Random walks and Levy flights

02.50.Cw Probability theory

MSC

81Q30 Feynman integrals and graphs; applications of algebraic topology and algebraic geometry (See also 14D05, 32S40)

82B20 Lattice systems (Ising, dimer, Potts, etc.) and systems on graphs

81S40 Path integrals (See also 58D30)

82B41 Random walks, random surfaces, lattice animals, etc. (See also 60G50, 82C41)

Subjects

Mathematical physics

Computational physics

Statistical physics and nonlinear systems

Quantum information and quantum mechanics

Dates

Issue 29 (20 July 2007)

Received 20 March 2007

Published 3 July 2007



  1. A path integral formula with applications to quantum random walks in Zd

    Wei-Shih Yang et al 2007 J. Phys. A: Math. Theor. 40 8487

  2. A Study of 13 Powerful Classical Double Radio Galaxies

    P. Kharb et al. 2008 ApJS 174 74

  3. Effects of additives on prebreakdown phenomena in liquid cyclohexane: I. Streamer initiation

    S Ingebrigtsen et al 2007 J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 40 5161

  4. J D Bernal: philosophy, politics and the science of science

    Helena M Sheehan 2007 J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 57 29

  5. Magnetic structure of strontium ferrite Sr4Fe4O11

    M Schmidt et al 2003 J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 15 8691

  6. Large-scale simulations of turbulent stellar convection flows and the outlook for petascale computation

    Paul R Woodward et al 2006 J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 46 370

  7. Special issue on Statistical and Probabilistic Methods for Metrology

    Walter Bich and Maurice G Cox 2006 Metrologia 43

  8. Comparison of the spectral biologically effective solar ultraviolet in adjacent tree shade and sun

    A V Parisi and M G Kimlin 1999 Phys. Med. Biol. 44 2071

  9. The demonstration of conformal maps with two-dimensional foams

    W Drenckhan et al 2004 Eur. J. Phys. 25 429

  10. Microscopic measurement of penetration depth in thin films by scanning Hall probe microscopy

    A Oral et al 1997 Supercond. Sci. Technol. 10 17

View by subject




Export








Please login to access our web services, or create an account if you don't yet have one.

You must have cookies enabled in your web browser to be able to login.

Username
Password

Forgotten your password? Get a new one here.