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A giant natural TPC (500 km)3 to observe extremely high energy cosmic particles - JEM EUSO telescope on International Space Station

Y Takahashi1,2

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An idea of a remote sensing, Time Projection Chamber (TPC) kind of detector can be found in the planned cosmic ray experiments, Extreme Universe Space Observatory (EUSO). It uses a huge volume of earth's night sky in which an extremely energetic cosmic ray particle (E > 1019 eV) generates a straight-line N2 fluorescence signals of a track of cascade shower moving at the speed of light for a length of 10 - 100 km depending on the incident angle. The space-time resolved calorimetry of showers is designed with a large-aperture Fresnel lens optics and a large-area focal surface of detectors. Such a system in space is capable of detecting thousands of events with energy above 1020 eV (> 1000 super-LHC) in a few years of operation on orbit, allowing a particle channel of astronomy and a research of fundamental physics in universe. Neutrino interaction cross-section at such high energies is expected to increase in the Standard Model, and EUSO expects a reasonable chance of observing the cosmogenic neutrino events among those detectable showers, because the atmospheric target mass of the EUSO TPC exceeds 1 trillion tons. This experiment JEM-EUSO is currently considered by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) for a possible payload on the Japan Experiment Module (JEM) of the International Space Station (ISS).


PACS

29.40.Cs Gas-filled counters: ionization chambers, proportional, and avalanche counters

29.40.Gx Tracking and position-sensitive detectors

96.50.sb Composition, energy spectra and interactions

96.50.Vg Energetic particles

95.55.Vj Neutrino, muon, pion, and other elementary particle detectors; cosmic ray detectors

Subjects

Accelerators, beams and electromagnetism

Nuclear physics

Instrumentation and measurement

Particle physics and field theory

Astrophysics and astroparticles

Dates

Issue 1 (2007)



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