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Chronological rank in biological evolution

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E Ben-Naim1 and P L Krapivsky2

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Figure 1

Figure 1. Illustration of the replication-mutation-death process with a total of four different families of species and a total population of 7 (here, there are no death events). The rank of each species is indicated.



Figure 2

Figure 2. The normalized size distribution nk = M - 1/2Nk versus k, obtained from 103 independent Monte Carlo realizations for a total population of size 107. The rates are α = β and γ = 0. Also shown for comparison is the theoretical prediction nk ~ k - 1/2.



Figure 3

Figure 3. The descendant size distribution. Plotted is pk = M - 1Pk versus k, obtained from 103 independent Monte Carlo realizations for a population of size M = 107. The death rate is zero (γ = 0), while the replication and mutation rates are equal (α = β). Also shown for comparison is the theoretical prediction pk ~ k - 1.




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