Jeffrey S. Bary et al 2009 ApJ 706 L168 doi:10.1088/0004-637X/706/1/L168
Jeffrey S. Bary1, Jarron M. Leisenring2 and Michael F. Skrutskie2
Show affiliationsUsing the Infrared Spectrograph aboard the Spitzer Space Telescope, we observed multiple epochs of 11 actively accreting T Tauri stars in the nearby Taurus-Auriga star-forming region. In total, 88 low-resolution mid-infrared spectra were collected over 1.5 years in Cycles 2 and 3. The results of this multi-epoch survey show that the 10 μm silicate complex in the spectra of two sources—DG Tau and XZ Tau—undergoes significant variations with the silicate feature growing both weaker and stronger over month- and year-long timescales. Shorter timescale variations on day- to week-long timescales were not detected within the measured flux errors. The time resolution coverage of this data set is inadequate for determining if the variations are periodic. Pure emission compositional models of the silicate complex in each epoch of the DG Tau and XZ Tau spectra provide poor fits to the observed silicate features. These results agree with those of previous groups that attempted to fit only single-epoch observations of these sources. Simple two-temperature, two-slab models with similar compositions successfully reproduce the observed variations in the silicate features. These models hint at a self-absorption origin of the diminution of the silicate complex instead of a compositional change in the population of emitting dust grains. We discuss several scenarios for producing such variability including disk shadowing, vertical mixing, variations in disk heating, and disk wind events associated with accretion outbursts.
circumstellar matter; infrared: stars; solar system: formation; stars: pre-main sequence
97.10.Fy Circumstellar shells, clouds, and expanding envelopes; circumstellar masers
97.10.Ri Luminosities; magnitudes; effective temperatures, colors, and spectral classification
Issue 1 (2009 November 20)
Received 2009 August 24, accepted for publication 2009 October 8
Published 2009 November 5
Jeffrey S. Bary et al 2009 ApJ 706 L168
Adam Muzzin et al 2009 ApJ 706 L188
A. K. Johanson and C. R. Kerton 2009 The Astronomical Journal 138 1615
Elizabeth J. Barton and Jeff Cooke 2009 The Astronomical Journal 138 1817
M. E. Brown et al 2009 ApJ 706 L110
Michał Hanasz et al 2009 ApJ 706 L155
Emilio Romano-Díaz et al. 2009 ApJ 702 1250
M. Böttcher et al. 2009 ApJ 703 1168
Richard A. Carrigan Jr 2009 ApJ 698 2075
N. V. Sujatha et al. 2009 ApJ 692 1333