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NEW SOLAR COMPOSITION: THE PROBLEM WITH SOLAR MODELS REVISITED

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Aldo M. Serenelli1, Sarbani Basu2, Jason W. Ferguson3 and Martin Asplund1

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We construct updated solar models with different sets of solar abundances, including the most recent determinations by Asplund et al. The latter work predicts a larger (~10%) solar metallicity compared to previous measurements by the same authors but significantly lower (~25%) than the recommended value from a decade ago by Grevesse & Sauval. We compare the results of our models with determinations of the solar structure inferred through helioseismology measurements. The model that uses the most recent solar abundance determinations predicts the base of the solar convective envelope to be located at R CZ = 0.724 R and a surface helium mass fraction of Y surf = 0.231. These results are in conflict with helioseismology data (R CZ = 0.713 ± 0.001 R and Y surf = 0.2485 ± 0.0035) at 5σ and 11σ levels, respectively. Using the new solar abundances, we calculate the magnitude by which radiative opacities should be modified in order to restore agreement with helioseismology. We find that a maximum change of ~15% at the base of the convective zone is required with a smooth decrease toward the core, where the change needed is ~5%. The required change at the base of the convective envelope is about half the value estimated previously. We also present the solar neutrino fluxes predicted by the new models. The most important changes brought about by the new solar abundances are the increase by ~10% in the predicted 13N and 15O fluxes that arise mostly due to the increase in the C and N abundances in the newly determined solar composition.


Keywords

neutrinos; Sun: abundances; Sun: helioseismology; Sun: interior


PACS

96.60.Fs Chemical composition

96.50.sb Composition, energy spectra and interactions

96.60.Vg Particle emission, solar wind

96.60.Ly Oscillations and waves; helioseismology

96.60.Jw Solar interior

96.50.Vg Energetic particles

Subjects

Astrophysics and astroparticles

Dates

Issue 2 (2009 November 10)

Received 2009 September 4, accepted for publication 2009 October 6

Published 2009 October 20



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