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Detection of Earth-like Planets Using Apodized Telescopes

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Peter Nisenson1 and Costas Papaliolios1,2

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The mission of NASA's Terrestrial Planet Finder (TPF) is to find Earth-like planets orbiting other stars and characterize the atmospheres of these planets using spectroscopy. Because of the enormous brightness ratio between the star and the reflected light from the planet, techniques must be found to reduce the brightness of the star. The current favorite approach to doing this is with interferometry: interfering the light from two or more separated telescopes with a π phase shift, nulling out the starlight. While this technique can, in principle, achieve the required dynamic range, building a space interferometer that has the necessary characteristics poses immense technical difficulties. In this paper, we suggest a much simpler approach to achieving the required dynamic range. By simply adjusting the transmissive shape of a telescope aperture, the intensity in large regions around the stellar image can be reduced nearly to zero. This approach could lead to construction of a TPF using conventional technologies, requiring space optics on a much smaller scale than the current TPF approach.


Subject headings

instrumentation: interferometers; planetary systems; stars: imaging; techniques: interferometric


Dates

Issue 2 (2001 February 20)

Received 2000 October 20, accepted for publication 2000 December 1

Published 2001 February 20



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