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The He+/H+ Abundance in the Orion Nebula from Infrared Space Observatory Measurements*

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Robert H. Rubin1,2, Sean W. J. Colgan1, Reginald J. Dufour3 and Steven D. Lord4

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Using the Short Wavelength Spectrometer on the Infrared Space Observatory, we measured in the Orion Nebula several components of the He I Brα transition, the first detections to the best of our knowledge in an H II region, and the H I Brα line. A value of He+/H+=0.085±0.003 is inferred from these data and is typical of previous values found for Orion. The IR method to obtain He+/H+ is very insensitive to extinction. The measurement of the weak He I 2.855 μm (5p 3Po→4s 3S) flux permits an assessment of Te in the He+ region. Its flux relative to the flux of He I 4.0490 μm (5g 3G→4f 3Fo, 5g 1G→4f 1Fo blend) is roughly vpropTe (for Te range applicable to most H II regions and planetary nebulae) and depends little on Ne. From our measured ratio, using Ne = 104 cm-3, Te is slightly less than 104 K. We stress that many IR measurements of a hydrogen line are likely to also include one or more significant helium line contributions. Attributing all of the flux to the stronger H I line will result in underestimates for abundance ratios relative to H+. This has usually not been taken into account in the past when deriving abundances of other ions/elements relative to H. Errors in the velocity and line width inferred may also occur by failure to consider the blended He component. Because the strongest He I lines will generally be on the blue side of their counterpart H I line, interpreting a blended feature as only H I will cause a spurious bias to lower velocities.


Footnote
*  Based on observations with ISO, an ESA project with instruments funded by ESA Member States (especially the PI countries: France, Germany, the Netherlands and the UK), and with the participation of ISAS and NASA.
Subject headings

H II regions; ISM: abundances; ISM: atoms; ISM: individual (Orion Nebula)


Dates

Issue 2 (1998 July 10)

Received 1998 March 23, accepted for publication 1998 May 11

Published 1998 June 26



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