The Astronomical Journal (AJ) was founded in 1849 by Benjamin A. Gould and was acquired by the AAS in 1941. The AJ publishes original astronomical research, with an emphasis on significant scientific results derived from observations, including descriptions of data capture, surveys, analysis techniques, and astrophysical interpretation. It takes a broad view of astronomy, extending from the solar system to observational cosmology with a tradition of papers discussing dynamical processes.

The AJ serves an international community that includes authors, scientists and students through efficient and accessible communication of the science and associated techniques.

Preamble to the First Issue

Benjamin Apthorp Gould founded the Astronomical Journal in Cambridge, Massachusetts on November 2, 1849. In his preamble to the first volume, Gould explained:

The enthusiasm of astronomers and the liberality of friends of science in America have enabled me to commence the ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL, with the full conviction that it will be permanently supported. Of its importance, — its necessity, indeed, — for the proper development of astronomy in our country, there can be but one opinion. Astronomy has already reached a stage of development in America, which entitles it to claim a higher position than has yet been accorded it, and which requires a larger scope for its future growth. The influence which a purely scientific journal, devoted exclusively to astronomy and its kindred departments of inquiry, may exert upon the future progress of the science is very great; and it is, therefore, with diffidence, but without hesitation, that I begin the work.

Such a work ought to support the dignity of a pure science, striving for the extension of the realm of human intellect; it should furnish the means of publication and prompt dissemination of discoveries and researches; and should promote harmony among astronomers, laboring for a common end, — while it furnishes an opportunity for the manly expression of differences of opinion.

It will be distinctly understood that the publication of statements or opinions implies no indorsement of them by the Editor. No communication will be published without the name of the author; and I desire to be held answerable for the accuracy of such articles or researches only, as may be published with my name or initial.

In the earnest hope that the establishment of the ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL may be hereafter referred to, as an era for astronomy in America, I commend it to the sympathy and cooperation of the lovers and votaries of science.