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Anisotropy vs chemical composition at ultra-high energies

Martin Lemoinea and Eli Waxmanb

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This paper proposes and discusses a test of the chemical composition of ultra-high energy cosmic rays that relies on the anisotropy patterns measured as a function of energy. In particular, we show that if one records an anisotropy signal produced by heavy nuclei of charge Z above an energy Ethr, one should record an even stronger (possibly much stronger) anisotropy at energies >Ethr/Z due to the proton component that is expected to be associated with the sources of the heavy nuclei. This conclusion remains robust with respect to the parameters characterizing the sources and it does not depend at all on the modelling of astrophysical magnetic fields. As a concrete example, we apply this test to the most recent data of the Pierre Auger Observatory. Assuming that the anisotropy reported above 55 EeV is not a statistical accident, and that no significant anisotropy has been observed at energies lesssim10 EeV, we show that the apparent clustering toward Cen A cannot be attributed to heavy nuclei. Similar conclusions are drawn regarding the apparent excess correlation with nearby active galactic nuclei. We then discuss a robust lower bound to the magnetic luminosity that a source must possess in order to be able to accelerate particles of charge Z up to 100 EeV, LB gtrsim 1045 Z−2 erg/s. Using this bound in conjunction with the above conclusions, we argue that the current PAO data does not support the model of cosmic ray origin in active radio-quiet or even radio-loud galaxies. Finally, we demonstrate that the apparent clustering in the direction of Cen A can be explained by the contribution of the last few gamma-ray bursts or magnetars in the host galaxy thanks to the scattering of the cosmic rays on the magnetized lobes.

Keywords

cosmic ray theory

ultra high energy cosmic rays

 

E-print Number: 0907.1354

Cited: by |

Refers: to

PACS

96.50.sb Composition, energy spectra and interactions

98.54.Gr Radio galaxies

98.54.Cm Active and peculiar galaxies and related systems (including BL Lacertae objects, blazars, Seyfert galaxies, Markarian galaxies, and active galactic nuclei)

98.70.Rz &ggr;-ray sources; &ggr;-ray bursts

98.62.En Electric and magnetic fields

Subjects

Astrophysics and astroparticles

Dates

Issue 11 (November 2009)

Received 24 July 2009, accepted for publication 9 October 2009

Published 5 November 2009



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