Taichi Ikeda and James Fraser Stoddart 2008 Sci. Technol. Adv. Mater. 9 014104 doi:10.1088/1468-6996/9/1/014104
Taichi Ikeda1 and James Fraser Stoddart2
Show affiliationsRecent investigations on the design and synthesis of electrochromic materials based on switchable three-station [2]catenanes are summarized. The reasoning and preliminary experiments behind the design of electrochemically controllable red–green–blue (RGB), donor–acceptor [2]catenanes are presented. A basis for color generation is discussed in which the tetracationic cyclophane, cyclobis(paraquat-p-phenylene), serves as the π-electron deficient ring which circumrotates between three π-electron rich recognition sites within a macrocyclic polyether, generating the three different colors (RGB) based on the different charge transfer interactions between the tetracationic cyclophane and recognition sites based on 1,5-dioxynaphthalene (R), tetrathiafulvalene (G) and benzidine (B). Issues relating to the realization of an RGB [2]catenane are raised and discussed: they include (i) color tuning, (ii) thermodynamic considerations, (iii) electrochemistry on model compounds, (iv) molecular design, (v) the electrochemical behavior of three-station [2]catenanes and (vi) electrochromism in polymer gel matrices. Finally, the challenges that need to be met in the future if the ideal RGB catenane is to be prepared, are outlined.
82.45.Wx Polymers and organic materials in electrochemistry
61.41.+e Polymers, elastomers, and plastics
82.47.Tp Electrochemical displays
82.60.-s Chemical thermodynamics
65.60.+a Thermal properties of amorphous solids and glasses: heat capacity, thermal expansion, etc.
Soft matter, liquids and polymers
Issue 1 (January–March 2008)
Received 22 October 2007, accepted for publication 7 January 2008
Published 13 March 2008
Taichi Ikeda and James Fraser Stoddart 2008 Sci. Technol. Adv. Mater. 9 014104
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