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Black-body radiation effects and light shifts in atomic frequency standards

V G Pal'chikov1, Yu S Domnin and A V Novoselov

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A general method is presented for calculating the higher-order terms of series in powers of the black-body radiation field for the Stark-state wavefunctions, dipole transition matrix elements and corresponding frequency shifts of hyperfine splitting in the ground states for Cs and Rb atoms. A numerical method for calculating the light shifts in Sr atoms is described. It is based on the Green function method for summation over all intermediate states and exact Dirac–Fock wavefunctions for the resonant transitions to the first excited s-, p- and d-states. By comparing the calculated Stark shift with results of measurements employing atomic frequency standards, the black-body radiation effects on the ground state are analysed.


PACS

44.40.+a Thermal radiation

06.30.Ft Time and frequency

02.30.Lt Sequences, series, and summability

37.10.De Atom cooling methods

37.10.Vz Mechanical effects of light on atoms, molecules, and ions

32.10.Fn Fine and hyperfine structure

06.20.F- Units and standards

32.60.+i Zeeman and Stark effects

Subjects

Atomic and molecular physics

Mathematical physics

Instrumentation and measurement

Statistical physics and nonlinear systems

Dates

Issue 2 (April 2003)

Received 2 November 2002, in final form 7 February 2003

Published 2 April 2003



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