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Surface plasmon–polariton length scales: a route to sub-wavelength optics

REVIEW ARTICLE

William L Barnes

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REVIEW ARTICLE

We look at four length scales associated with the surface plasmon–polariton (SPP) modes in the visible and near-infrared. We examine some of the consequences of these length scales for exploiting surface plasmon–polariton modes as a means to provide sub-wavelength optics. The four length scales discussed are the SPP wavelength, the SPP propagation distance, and the penetration depths of the field associated with the SPP into the dielectric and metal media that bound the interface that supports the SPP. Length scales spanning seven orders of magnitude, from nanometres to centimetres, are of relevance to SPPs. This paper concludes by identifying some of the challenges that lie ahead.


PACS

73.20.Mf Collective excitations (including excitons, polarons, plasmons and other charge-density excitations)

71.36.+c Polaritons (including photon-phonon and photon-magnon interactions)

Subjects

Condensed matter: electrical, magnetic and optical

Surfaces, interfaces and thin films

Dates

Issue 4 (April 2006)

Received 21 December 2005, accepted for publication 27 January 2006

Published 21 March 2006



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