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An all-dielectric tunable optical filter based on the thermo-optic effect

Dennis Hohlfeld and Hans Zappe

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A MEMS based, thermally tunable optical filter, hybridly assembled with a fibre based input/output, is presented. The filter is based on a Fabry–Perot interferometer employing a silicon cavity and silicon based dielectric Bragg reflectors and is fabricated as a free-standing membrane. The filter membrane is fixed to the substrate through micromachined suspension arms, which act as a thermal isolation. Wavelength tuning is achieved through thermal modulation of the cavity's optical thickness using thin film resistors. The filter characteristics measured were a full width at half-maximum value (FWHM) of 1.19 nm at a wavelength of 1530 nm and a finesse exceeding 1000. The tuning efficiency of a single-cavity filter with Bragg mirrors based on silicon nitride and silicon dioxide was measured to be 51.9 pm K−1. Measurements of static and transient electrothermal behaviour were performed on filter membranes, resulting in maximum temperatures of 700 °C and thermal time constants of 5.14 ms. The assembly technique relied on the alignment of optical fibres with the filter array using a novel silicon optical bench approach.


PACS

78.20.Nv Thermooptical and photothermal effects

84.32.Ff Conductors, resistors (including thermistors, varistors, and photoresistors)

42.79.Ci Filters, zone plates, and polarizers

81.15.Gh Chemical vapor deposition (including plasma-enhanced CVD, MOCVD, etc.)

42.82.Cr Fabrication techniques; lithography, pattern transfer

07.10.Cm Micromechanical devices and systems

07.60.Ly Interferometers

Subjects

Electronics and devices

Condensed matter: electrical, magnetic and optical

Instrumentation and measurement

Surfaces, interfaces and thin films

Optics, quantum optics and lasers

Dates

Issue 6 (June 2004)

Received 7 November 2003, accepted for publication 1 March 2004

Published 14 April 2004



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