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Deutsche Physikalische Gessellschaft IOP Institute of Physics

Experimental quantum cryptography with qutrits

Simon Gröblacher1, Thomas Jennewein2, Alipasha Vaziri3, Gregor Weihs4 and Anton Zeilinger1,2

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We produce two identical keys using, for the first time, entangled trinary quantum systems (qutrits) for quantum key distribution. The advantage of qutrits over the normally used binary quantum systems is an increased coding density and a higher security margin. The qutrits are encoded into the orbital angular momentum of photons, namely Laguerre–Gaussian modes with azimuthal index l + 1, 0 and −1, respectively. The orbital angular momentum is controlled with phase holograms. In an Ekert-type protocol the violation of a three-dimensional Bell inequality verifies the security of the generated keys. A key is obtained with a qutrit error rate of approximately 10%.


PACS

03.67.Dd Quantum cryptography and communication security

42.50.Dv Quantum state engineering and measurements

03.65.Ud Entanglement and quantum nonlocality (e.g. EPR paradox, Bell's inequalities, GHZ states, etc.)

42.65.Lm Parametric down conversion and production of entangled photons

03.67.Lx Quantum computation architectures and implementations

03.67.Pp Quantum error correction and other methods for protection against decoherence

Subjects

Computational physics

Optics, quantum optics and lasers

Quantum information and quantum mechanics

Dates

Issue 5 (May 2006)

Received 1 February 2006

Published 26 May 2006



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