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Deutsche Physikalische Gessellschaft IOP Institute of Physics

Rapidly rotating Bose-Einstein condensates in anharmonic potentials

G M Kavoulakis1 and Gordon Baym2,3

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Rapidly rotating Bose-Einstein condensates confined in anharmonic traps can exhibit a rich variety of vortex phases, including a vortex lattice, a vortex lattice with a hole, and a giant vortex. Using an augmented Thomas-Fermi variational approach to determine the ground state of the condensate in the rotating frame - valid for sufficiently strongly interacting condensates - we determine the transitions between these three phases for a quadratic-plus-quartic confining potential. Combining the present results with previous numerical simulations of small rotating condensates in such anharmonic potentials, we delineate the general structure of the zero-temperature phase diagram.


PACS

03.75.Lm Tunneling, Josephson effect, Bose-Einstein condensates in periodic potentials, solitons, vortices and topological excitations

02.30.Xx Calculus of variations

Subjects

Quantum gases, liquids and solids

Mathematical physics

Dates

Issue 1 (May 2003)

Received 7 January 2003

Published 30 May 2003



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