Ryo Okamoto et al 2008 New J. Phys. 10 073033 doi:10.1088/1367-2630/10/7/073033
Beating the standard quantum limit: phase super-sensitivity of N-photon interferometers
Ryo Okamoto1,2,5, Holger F Hofmann3, Tomohisa Nagata1, Jeremy L O'Brien4, Keiji Sasaki1 and Shigeki Takeuchi1,2
Show affiliationsQuantum metrology promises greater sensitivity for optical phase measurements than could ever be achieved classically. Here, we present a theory of the phase sensitivity for the general case where the detection probability is given by an N photon interference fringe. We find that the phase sensitivity has a complicated dependence on both the intrinsic efficiency of detection η and the interference fringe visibility V. Most importantly, the phase that gives maximum phase sensitivity is in general not the same as the phase at which the slope of the interference fringe is a maximum, as has previously been assumed. We determine the parameter range where quantum enhanced sensitivity can be achieved. In order to illustrate these theoretical results, we perform a four-photon experiment with η=3/4 and V=82±6% (an extension of our previous work (Nagata et al 2007 Science 316 726)) and find a phase sensitivity 1.3 times greater than the standard quantum limit at a phase different to that which gives maximum slope of the interference fringe.
- PACS
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03.65.Ta Foundations of quantum mechanics; measurement theory
- Subjects
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Instrumentation and measurement
- Dates
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Issue 7 (July 2008)
Received 1 April 2008
Published 18 July 2008
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Beating the standard quantum limit: phase super-sensitivity of N-photon interferometers
Ryo Okamoto et al 2008 New J. Phys. 10 073033
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