Bogdan Damski and Wojciech H Zurek 2008 New J. Phys. 10 045023 doi:10.1088/1367-2630/10/4/045023
How to fix a broken symmetry: quantum dynamics of symmetry restoration in a ferromagnetic Bose–Einstein condensate
Focus on Quantum Correlations in Tailored MatterBogdan Damski1 and Wojciech H Zurek
Show affiliationsPart of Focus on Quantum Correlations in Tailored Matter
We discuss the dynamics of a quantum phase transition in a spin-1 Bose–Einstein condensate when it is driven from the magnetized broken-symmetry phase to the unmagnetized 'symmetric' polar phase. We determine where the condensate goes out of equilibrium as it approaches the critical point, and compute the condensate magnetization at the critical point. This is done within a quantum Kibble–Zurek scheme traditionally employed in the context of symmetry-breaking quantum phase transitions. Then we study the influence of the non-equilibrium dynamics near a critical point on the condensate magnetization. In particular, when the quench stops at the critical point, nonlinear oscillations of magnetization occur. They are characterized by a period and an amplitude that are inversely proportional. If we keep driving the condensate far away from the critical point through the unmagnetized 'symmetric' polar phase, the amplitude of magnetization oscillations slowly decreases reaching a nonzero asymptotic value. That process is described by an equation that can be mapped onto the classical mechanical problem of a particle moving under the influence of harmonic and `anti-friction' forces whose interplay leads to surprisingly simple fixed-amplitude oscillations. We obtain several scaling results relating the condensate magnetization to the quench rate, and verify numerically all analytical predictions.
- PACS
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03.75.Kk Dynamic properties of condensates; collective and hydrodynamic excitations, superfluid flow
75.10.-b General theory and models of magnetic ordering
75.60.Ej Magnetization curves, hysteresis, Barkhausen and related effects
- Subjects
- Dates
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Issue 4 (April 2008)
Received 18 December 2007
Published 30 April 2008
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How to fix a broken symmetry: quantum dynamics of symmetry restoration in a ferromagnetic Bose–Einstein condensate
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