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Assessing the human cardiovascular response to moderate exercise: feature extraction by support vector regression

Lu Wang1,3, Steven W Su1,2, Branko G Celler1, Gregory S H Chan1, Teddy M Cheng1 and Andrey V Savkin1

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This study aims to quantitatively describe the steady-state relationships among percentage changes in key central cardiovascular variables (i.e. stroke volume, heart rate (HR), total peripheral resistance and cardiac output), measured using non-invasive means, in response to moderate exercise, and the oxygen uptake rate, using a new nonlinear regression approach—support vector regression. Ten untrained normal males exercised in an upright position on an electronically braked cycle ergometer with constant workloads ranging from 25 W to 125 W. Throughout the experiment, \dot V{\rm O}_2 was determined breath by breath and the HR was monitored beat by beat. During the last minute of each exercise session, the cardiac output was measured beat by beat using a novel non-invasive ultrasound-based device and blood pressure was measured using a tonometric measurement device. Based on the analysis of experimental data, nonlinear steady-state relationships between key central cardiovascular variables and \dot V{\rm O}_2 were qualitatively observed except for the HR which increased linearly as a function of increasing \dot V{\rm O}_2 . Quantitative descriptions of these complex nonlinear behaviour were provided by nonparametric models which were obtained by using support vector regression.


PACS

87.85.Ng Biological signal processing

87.19.U- Hemodynamics

43.80.Vj Acoustical medical instrumentation and measurement techniques

43.80.Qf Medical diagnosis with acoustics (in PACS, see also 87.63.D−)

87.19.R- Mechanical and electrical properties of tissues and organs

87.63.D- Ultrasonography

Subjects

Medical physics

Biological physics

Dates

Issue 3 (March 2009)

Received 3 May 2008, accepted for publication 12 January 2009

Published 6 February 2009



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