Amit J Nimunkar and John G Webster 2009 Physiol. Meas. 30 101 doi:10.1088/0967-3334/30/1/007
Amit J Nimunkar and John G Webster
Show affiliationsThe strength–duration curve for tissue excitation can be modeled by a parallel resistor–capacitor circuit that has a time constant. We tested several short-duration electric generators: five electric fence energizers, the Taser X26 and a high-frequency generator to determine their current-versus-time waveforms. We estimated their safety characteristics using existing IEC and UL standards for electric fence energizers. The current standards are difficult to follow, with cumbersome calculations, and do not explicitly explain the physiological relevance of the calculated parameters. Hence we propose a new standard. The proposed new standard would consist of a physical RC circuit with a certain time constant. The investigator would discharge the device into a passive resistor–capacitor circuit and measure the resulting maximum voltage. If the maximum voltage does not exceed a limit, the device passes the test.
87.55.N- Radiation monitoring, control, and safety
87.50.C- Static and low-frequency electric and magnetic fields effects
87.19.R- Mechanical and electrical properties of tissues and organs
Issue 1 (January 2009)
Received 18 August 2008, accepted for publication 25 November 2008
Published 22 December 2008
Amit J Nimunkar and John G Webster 2009 Physiol. Meas. 30 101
T Bartsch et al 2003 J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 36 1231
F Claeyssens et al 2006 Nanotechnology 17 805
Ricardo Weder and Dimitri Yafaev 2005 Inverse Problems 21 1937
Gen-fa Zhou and Chun-Ting Zhang 1991 Phys. Scr. 43 347
C J Whiting et al 2001 J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 13 1381
Kasper Peeters et al 2001 Class. Quantum Grav. 18 843
S. Yuasa et al 2000 Europhys. Lett. 52 344
H Henriksson et al 2002 Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 44 1253
Y Haidar et al 2005 Metrologia 42 115