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Front-tracking image reconstruction algorithm for EIT-monitored cryosurgery using the boundary element method

David M Otten1 and Boris Rubinsky2

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The effectiveness of cryosurgery, treatment of tumors by freezing, is highly dependent on knowledge of transient freezing extent, and therefore relies heavily on real-time imaging techniques for monitoring. Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) holds much promise for this application. In cryosurgery there is a three order of magnitude change in impedance across the freezing boundary and there is a priori knowledge of the freezing origin. Furthermore, an EIT image of the tissue can be done prior to the cryosurgery. In this study, we have developed an EIT front tracking reconstruction algorithm which takes advantage of these particular attributes of cryosurgery. The method tracks the freezing interface rather than the impedance distribution in the freezing tissue. In addition to drastically reducing the number of parameters needed to define the image, the computational complexity is further reduced by using the more appropriate boundary element method (BEM) for solution to the forward problem. The front-tracking method was found to converge rapidly and accurately to a variety of simulated phantom images.


PACS

87.50.wp Therapeutic applications

02.30.Zz Inverse problems

87.63.Pn Electrical impedance tomography (EIT)

02.70.Dh Finite-element and Galerkin methods

87.57.N- Image analysis

02.60.Lj Ordinary and partial differential equations; boundary value problems

MSC

92C55 Biomedical imaging and signal processing (See also 44A12, 65R10)

65F10 Iterative methods for linear systems (See also 65N22)

65N38 Boundary element methods

65N21 Inverse problems

65N30 Finite elements, Rayleigh-Ritz and Galerkin methods, finite methods

Subjects

Mathematical physics

Computational physics

Medical physics

Biological physics

Dates

Issue 4 (August 2005)

Received 19 October 2004, accepted for publication 15 April 2005

Published 10 May 2005



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