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Accounting for erroneous electrode data in electrical impedance tomography

Andy Adler

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An unfortunate occurrence in experimental measurements with electrical impedance tomography is electrodes which become detached or poorly connected, such that the measured data cannot be used. This paper develops an image reconstruction methodology which allows use of the remaining valid data. A finite element model of the EIT difference imaging forward problem is linearized as z = Hx, where z represents the change in measurements and x the element log conductivity changes. Image reconstruction is represented in terms of a maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimate as x = inv(Htinv(Rn) + inv(Rx))Htinv(Rn)z, where Rx and Rn represent the a priori estimates of image and measurement noise crosscorrelations, respectively. Using this formulation, missing electrode data can be naturally modelled as infinite noise on all measurements using the affected electrodes. Simulations indicate position error and resolution are close (±10%) to the values calculated without missing electrode data as long as the target was further than 10% of the medium diameter from the affected electrode. Applications of this technique to experimental data show good results in terms of removing artefacts from images.


PACS

87.63.Pn Electrical impedance tomography (EIT)

87.80.-y Biophysical techniques (research methods)

02.70.Rr General statistical methods

87.57.C- Image quality

87.57.N- Image analysis

02.70.Dh Finite-element and Galerkin methods

Subjects

Computational physics

Instrumentation and measurement

Biological physics

Medical physics

Dates

Issue 1 (February 2004)

Received 31 July 2003, accepted for publication 28 November 2003

Published 3 February 2004



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