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Direct fabrication of integrated 3D Au nanobox arrays by sidewall deposition with controllable heights and thicknesses

Nam-Goo Cha, Bong Kuk Lee, Teruo Kanki, Hea Yeon Lee, Tomoji Kawai and Hidekazu Tanaka1

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This paper provides a unique strategy for controlling integrated hollow nanostructure arrays such as boxes or pillars at the nanometer scale. The key merit of this technique is that it can overcome resolution limits by sidewall deposition and deposit various materials using a sputtering method. The sputtering method can be replaced by other dry deposition techniques such as pulsed laser deposition (PLD) for complex functional materials. Furthermore, it can produce low-cost large-area fabrication and high reproducibility using the NIL (nanoimprint lithograph) process. The fabrication method consists of a sequence of bilayer spin-coating, UV-NIL, RIE (reactive ion etching), sputtering, ion milling and piranha cleaning processes. By changing the deposition time and molds, various thicknesses and shapes can be fabricated, respectively. Furthermore, the fabricated Au box nanostructure has a bending zone of the top layer and a ~17 nm undercut of the bottom layer as observed by SEM (scanning electron microscope). The sidewall thickness was changed from 12 to 61 nm by controlling the deposition time, and was investigated to understand the relationship with blanket thicknesses and geometric effects. The calculated sidewall thickness matched well with experimental results. Using smaller hole-patterned molds, integrated nanobox arrays, with inner squares measuring ~160 nm, and nanopillar arrays, with inside pores measuring ~65 nm, were fabricated under the same conditions.


PACS

81.15.Fg Laser deposition

81.16.Nd Nanolithography

68.37.Hk Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) (including EBIC)

81.65.Cf Surface cleaning, etching, patterning

Subjects

Surfaces, interfaces and thin films

Nanoscale science and low-D systems

Dates

Issue 39 (30 September 2009)

Received 4 June 2009, in final form 29 July 2009

Published 2 September 2009



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