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Carbon nanotube forests: a non-stick workbench for nanomanipulation

Kjetil Gjerde1,4, Jakob Kjelstrup-Hansen1, Casper H Clausen1, Kenneth B K Teo2, William I Milne2, Horst-Günter Rubahn3 and Peter Bøggild1

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The ubiquitous static friction (stiction) and adhesion forces comprise a major obstacle in the manipulation of matter at the nanoscale (Falvo et al 1999 Nature 397 236; Urbakh M et al 2004 Nature 430 525). In this work it is shown that a surface coated with vertically aligned carbon nanotubes—a nanotube forest—acts as an effective non-stick workbench for the manipulation of micro-objects and fibres/wires with one or more dimensions in the nano-range. These include organic nanofibres (Balzer and Rubahn 2001 Appl. Phys. Lett. 79 3860) and microsized latex beads, which adhere strongly even to a conventional low surface-energy material like Teflon. Although organic nanofibres are attractive as device components due to their chemical adaptability, adhesion forces nearly always rule out manipulation as a route to assembly of prototype devices based on such materials, because organic materials are soft and fragile, and tend to stick to any surface. We demonstrate here that the nanotube forest due to its roughness not only exhibits very low stiction and dynamic friction; it also acts as a springy and mechanically compliant surface, making it possible to lift up and manipulate delicate nanostructures such as organic nanofibres in ways not possible on planar, rigid surfaces.


PACS

62.25.-g Mechanical properties of nanoscale systems

68.35.Np Adhesion

73.63.Fg Nanotubes

68.37.Hk Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) (including EBIC)

81.16.-c Methods of nanofabrication and processing

Subjects

Surfaces, interfaces and thin films

Nanoscale science and low-D systems

Dates

Issue 19 (14 October 2006)

Received 29 May 2006, in final form 9 August 2006

Published 11 September 2006



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