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AFM: a versatile tool in biophysics

REVIEW ARTICLE

Andrea Alessandrini and Paolo Facci

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REVIEW ARTICLE

Here we review the applications of atomic force microscopy to the study of samples of biological origin. Emphasis is given to provide the reader with information on the broad range of different biophysical applications that, to date, such a technique can deal with. After recalling briefly the operating principles of an atomic force microscope, the broad field of bio-imaging applications is faced (DNA, DNA–protein interaction, proteins, lipid membranes, cells); thereafter, the use of the atomic force microscope to measure forces is introduced and force mapping on living cells is discussed. This section is followed by the description of the use of force curves in assessing single-molecule inter- and intramolecular interactions. A paragraph on the perspectives of the technique in biophysical applications concludes the paper. We hope that this review can help the reader in appreciating how atomic force microscopy contributes to the current explosive growth of nanobiosciences, where biology, chemistry and physics merge.


PACS

87.64.Dz Scanning tunneling and atomic force microscopy

87.16.D- Membranes, bilayers, and vesicles

87.14.Cc Lipids

87.14.G- Nucleic acids

87.15.K- Molecular interactions; membrane-protein interactions

Subjects

Medical physics

Biological physics

Dates

Issue 6 (June 2005)

Received 10 September 2004, in final form 2 March 2005

Published 28 April 2005



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