V Prasad et al 2007 J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 19 113102 doi:10.1088/0953-8984/19/11/113102
Confocal microscopy of colloids
REVIEW ARTICLEV Prasad, D Semwogerere and Eric R Weeks
Show affiliationsTOPICAL REVIEW
Colloids have increasingly been used to characterize or mimic many aspects of atomic and molecular systems. With confocal microscopy these colloidal particles can be tracked spatially in three dimensions with great precision over large time scales. This review discusses equilibrium phases such as crystals and liquids, and non-equilibrium phases such as glasses and gels. The phases that form depend strongly on the type of particle interaction that dominates. Hard-sphere-like colloids are the simplest, and interactions such as the attractive depletion force and electrostatic repulsion result in more non-trivial phases which can better model molecular materials. Furthermore, shearing or otherwise externally forcing these colloids while under microscopic observation helps connect the microscopic particle dynamics to the macroscopic flow behaviour. Finally, directions of future research in this field are discussed.
- PACS
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64.10.+h General theory of equations of state and phase equilibria
64.70.P- Glass transitions of specific systems
- Subjects
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Soft matter, liquids and polymers
- Dates
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Issue 11 (21 March 2007)
Received 5 September 2006, in final form 5 January 2007
Published 27 February 2007
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Confocal microscopy of colloids
V Prasad et al 2007 J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 19 113102
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