R Dogra et al 2005 J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 17 6037 doi:10.1088/0953-8984/17/38/009
R Dogra1,2,6, S K Shrestha3, A P Byrne2,4, M C Ridgway1, A V J Edge3, R Vianden5, J Penner5 and H Timmers3
Show affiliationsThe crystal lattice of bulk grains and state-of-the-art films of indium nitride was investigated at the atomic scale with perturbed angular correlation spectroscopy using the 111In/Cd radioisotope probe. The probe was introduced during sample synthesis, by diffusion and by ion implantation. The mean quadrupole interaction frequency νQ = 28 MHz was observed at the indium probe site in all types of indium nitride samples with broad frequency distributions. The observed small, but non-zero, asymmetry parameter indicates broken symmetry around the probe atoms. Results have been compared with theoretical calculations based on the point charge model. The consistency of the experimental results and their independence of the preparation technique suggest that the origin of the broad frequency distribution is inherent to indium nitride, indicating a high degree of disorder at the atomic scale. Due to the low dissociation temperature of indium nitride, furnace and rapid thermal annealing at atmospheric pressure reduce the lattice disorder only marginally.
68.55.-a Thin film structure and morphology
Condensed matter: electrical, magnetic and optical
Issue 38 (28 September 2005)
Received 8 June 2005, in final form 28 July 2005
Published 9 September 2005
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