Michael Klaiber et al 2008 J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 41 175002 doi:10.1088/0953-4075/41/17/175002
Michael Klaiber1, Darko Dimitrovski2 and John S Briggs1
Show affiliationsThe Magnus expansion of the time propagator for an atom in the classical field of a short, strong laser pulse is employed increasingly as attosecond pulses are developed. Here the lowest order terms are given explicitly and shown to be gauge invariant up to a given power of the laser-pulse length. The Kramers–Henneberger frame transformation is shown to lead to the same result and to be particularly suited for use with the Magnus expansion. A recently proposed modification of the first-order Magnus term is shown to be equivalent to the second order for a full-cycle pulse.
Issue 17 (14 September 2008)
Received 3 July 2008
Published 26 August 2008
Michael Klaiber et al 2008 J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 41 175002
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