I H Hutchinson 2002 Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 44 1953 doi:10.1088/0741-3335/44/9/313
I H Hutchinson
Show affiliations The spatial distribution of collisionless ions collected by a spherical object of radius much larger than the Debye length, in a flowing plasma, is calculated using a particle-in-cell code. The results provide the first rigorous theoretical calibration of a `Mach probe' in a plasma with negligible magnetic field. They are also applicable, for example, to spacecraft-plasma interactions. Ion to electron temperature ratios 0.1<Ti/ZTe<10 are explored. Qualitative differences are observed between the results for low and high Ti/ZTe, arising from ion dynamics in the wake. However, a practically universal form for the upstream to downstream current density ratio dependence on flow velocity is observed for Ti/ZTe
3.
52.65.Rr Particle-in-cell method
52.25.Kn Thermodynamics of plasmas
52.40.Hf Plasma-material interactions; boundary layer effects
Issue 9 (September 2002)
Received 12 June 2002
Published 27 August 2002
I H Hutchinson 2002 Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 44 1953
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