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A pathwise ergodic theorem for quantum trajectories

B Kümmerer1 and H Maassen2

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If the time evolution of an open quantum system approaches equilibrium in the time mean, then on any single trajectory of any of its unravellings the time-averaged state approaches the same equilibrium state with probability 1. In the case of multiple equilibrium states, the quantum trajectory converges in the mean to a random choice from these states.


PACS

03.65.Ca Formalism

05.40.-a Fluctuation phenomena, random processes, noise, and Brownian motion

MSC

37A30 Ergodic theorems, spectral theory, Markov operators (For operator ergodic theory, see mainly 47A35)

Subjects

Statistical physics and nonlinear systems

Quantum information and quantum mechanics

Dates

Issue 49 (10 December 2004)

Received 25 June 2004, in final form 18 October 2004

Published 24 November 2004



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