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The Fokker–Planck operator at a continuous phase transition

Moshe Schwartz

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I consider a physical system described by a continuous field theory and enclosed in a large but finite cubical box with periodic boundary conditions. The system is assumed to undergo a continuous phase transition at some critical point. The varphi4 theory that is a continuous version of the Ising model is such a system but there are many other examples corresponding to higher spin, higher symmetry etc. The eigenfunctions of the corresponding Fokker–Planck (FP) operator can be chosen, of course, to be eigenfunctions of the momentum operator. It is shown that the eigenvalues of the FP operator, corresponding to each eigenvalue q of the momentum operator, evaluated at a transition point of the finite system, accumulate at zero, when the size of the system tends to infinity. There are many reasonable ways of defining a critical temperature of a finite system, which tends to the critical temperature of the infinite system as the size of the system tends to infinity. The accumulation of eigenvalues is neither affected by the specific choice of critical temperature of the finite system nor by whether the system is below or above its upper critical dimension.


PACS

05.10.Gg Stochastic analysis methods (Fokker-Planck, Langevin, etc.)

02.10.Ud Linear algebra

05.70.Fh Phase transitions: general studies

05.70.Jk Critical point phenomena

05.50.+q Lattice theory and statistics (Ising, Potts, etc.)

MSC

82C31 Stochastic methods (Fokker-Planck, Langevin, etc.) (See also 60H10)

82C20 Dynamic lattice systems (kinetic Ising, etc.) and systems on graphs

82C27 Dynamic critical phenomena

82C26 Dynamic and nonequilibrium phase transitions (general)

Subjects

Mathematical physics

Computational physics

Statistical physics and nonlinear systems

Dates

Issue 27 (11 July 2003)

Received 29 January 2003, in final form 7 May 2003

Published 25 June 2003



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